2. ”Billboard that looks back”

3.  What is biometric identification? ◦ Biometrics can be defined as the automated use of physiological or behavioral characteristics to determine or verify identity  Automated use: Automation means that computers or machines are used to verify or determine identity through behavioral or physiological characteristics  Physiological / behavioral characteristics:  Physiological biometrics are based on direct measurements of a part of the human body.  Behavioral biometrics are based on measurements and data derived from an action and therefore indirectly measure characteristics of the human body.  Determine vs. verify: Some biometric systems can determine the identity of a person from a biometric database without that person first claiming an identity. In verification systems a person claims a specific identity and the biometric system either confirms or denies that claim.  Identity: An individual is a singular, unique entity, but an individual can have more than one identity

4.  Informational privacy: ◦ Biometrics raise some of the same issues that arise when any personal information is collected ◦ Some special concerns can be mentioned:  Unnecessary collection  Unauthorized collection  Unauthorized use and function creep

5.  Physical privacy: ◦ The right to be free from unwanted, unreasonable intrusions or searches of one´s body ◦ Also, freedom from contact or monitoring by others, which might include searches, video surveillance and other forms of monitoring

6.  Use of biometric technologies becoming prevalent  Biomerics have a practical application in both public and private sectors  Orwellian future can´t be excluded ◦ Two diverging viewpoints:  Biometrics is seen as one of the most serious threats to the freedom of individuals and societies  Biometrics constitutes a potential solution to privacy ◦ At the heart of the debate is the balance between human rights and civil liberties and the intrusion on these rights in the name of security  The principal question : to ensure the full respect of fundamental rights!!!