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Published byJessie Stafford Modified over 9 years ago
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Computers: Tools for an Information Age Chapter 1
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Information Age Evolving more rapidly than Industrial Age Will continue into the current century
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Cornerstones of our Economy Land Labor Capital Information Forging a Computer-Based Society:
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The Nature of Computers Characteristics Speed Reliability Storage capability Results Productivity Decision making Cost reduction
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Where Computers Are Used Education Teaching and testing aid Learning by doing Computer-based instruction
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Where Computers Are Used Retailing Bar codes for pricing and inventory Shipping
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Where Computers Are Used Law Enforcement National fingerprint files National files on criminal Computer modeling of DNA
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Where Computers Are Used Bank Account maintenance & Transaction Online Branches Internet Banking SMS Banking ATM,POS etc
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Where Computers Are Used The Home Educational tool Record keeping Letter writing Budgeting Drawing and editing pictures Newsletters Connecting with others
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Where Computers Are Used Health and Medicine Monitor patients Electronic imaging Diagnose illnesses
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Where Computers Are Used Robotics Perform jobs that are dangerous for humans Factory work
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Where Computers Are Used The Human Connection Assist the disabled Assist athletes by monitoring their movements
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Where Computers Are Used The Sciences Research Simulation Connectivity Communication Telecommuting
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Where Computers Are Used Training Airline pilots Railroad engineers Paperwork Junk mail Term paper Record keeping
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Computers are all around! Grocery store School Library Bank Mail We interact with computers everyday! We interact with computers everyday!
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Computer System People Software Hardware
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People Computer programmer – person who writes programs Users or End-users – make use of the computer’s capabilities
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Software Programs Set of instructions that directs the hardware to do a required task and produce the desired results
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Hardware Basic Components of a Computer
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Computer A machine that can be programmed to accept data (input), process it into useful information (output), and store it away (in secondary storage device) for safekeeping or later reuse Process is directed by software but performed by the hardware
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Function of Computer System Data handling IInput PProcess OOutput SStorage
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Input devices Accept data or commands and convert them to electronic form Getting data into the computer Typing on a keyboard Pointing with a mouse Scanning with a wand reader or bar-code reader Terminal
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Output devices Monitor or screen Text Numbers Symbols Art Photographs Video Printer Black and white Color Convert from electronic form to some other form May display the processed results Usable information
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The Processor Central Processing Unit (CPU) Converts data to useful information Interpret and execute instructions Communicate with input, output and storage
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Two Types of Storage Secondary storage long-term storage Primary storage or memory temporary storage
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Memory / Primary Storage Temporary storage Holds input to be processed Holds results of processing Contains the programs to control the computer and manipulate input into output Volatile
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Secondary Storage Long-term storage Non-volatile
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Secondary Storage Examples Magnetic disks – read and written by magnetic disk drive Hard disk Diskette Optical disks – read and written by optical disk drives CD-ROM DVD-ROM Magnetic tape – read and written by magnetic tape drives Primarily used for back-up
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Classifications of Computers Use the computer that fits your needs Based upon Size Speed Cost Portability Number of simultaneous users supported Available software Typical use
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Personal Computers Other names PC Microcomputer Home computer Categories Low-end functional Fully powered Workstations Net computer or net box (Web TV) Desktop Models
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Notebook Computers Portable Lightweight Fits in a briefcase Battery operated Laptop Larger Heavier More expensive that desktop models
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Handheld Computers Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) Scheduling Addresses Handwritten input May offer wireless e-mail and fax Pocket More power than PDA Runs basic productivity software
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Other Types of Computers Mainframes High speed More expensive Used to process large amounts of data quickly Support multiple users Does server tasks Supercomputers Fastest speed Most expensive
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