1. Human Learning Hanadi Albalawi

2. Learning Theory Learning theory describes how humans understand and learn, how learning process happen, and how humans absorb information. Humans’ prior experience and knowledge affect how they learn and retain what they learned.

3. Learning Theory Categories 1- Behaviorism 2- Cognitivisim 3- Constructivism

4. Learning Styles There is controversy about the concept of learning styles. A learning style describes a process for individual learning. Every student has a different experience, personality, and has a different method of learning. If teachers match the learning way with the learning mode for each student, their learning could be improved better. That is the claim at the center of learning-styles theory. There is controversy about the concept of learning styles. The first claim is about the differences between the students, and how that can affect their performance. The second is about the differences between students' abilities and interests, and how that affect their learning. The third claim is about the differences between students' background knowledge and experiences. Lastly, there is a claim that is about the disabilities and how that affect their learning. Even though there is no evidence that supports learning style existing, learning style may be useful in designing a learning instruction.

5. Learning Styles Learning Styles and Instructional Design Learning styles can be useful in instructional design when instructional designers apply these learning style theories in instructions. That could be helpful to varying approaches and instructions.

6. Motivation Motivation is a need or desire that encourages behavior to reach the desired goals.

7. Motivation The Motivation Keller ARCS Model. The ARCS model of motivational design can increase the motivational appeal of instruction. Also, ARCS can give a useful framework for both design and improvement. For instance, instructional designers can use ARCS to design the instruction. sustain students' curiosity and interest by asking questions or giving problems. (Attention). match students' need and interest to what they learn. ( Relevance). give feedback or show the growth. (Confidence). when students practice what they learned and see the skill that they learned, that will increase the satisfaction. (Satisfaction).

8. Bloom’s Taxonomy http://www.edudemic.com/blooms-taxonomy/

9. Bloom’s Taxonomy Instructional designers use Bloom’s Taxonomy to determine the levels of the objectives and design learning instruction through which students would accomplish those goals. Instructional designers can use Bloom's Taxonomy process. Remember: recognizing and summarizing Apply: implementing and executing. Analyze: differentiating, focusing and selecting. Evaluate: checking and judging. Create: planning, designing and producing.

10. Conclusion Summarize the role of learning theory, learning style, motivation and Bloom’s Taxonomy for instructional design. Learning theory helps us as instructional designers to create and use instructional design models. Instructional designers can apply these learning style theories in instructions to help varying approaches and instructions. Motivational models can increase the motivational appeal of instruction, and give a useful framework for both design and improvement. Instructional designers use Bloom’s Taxonomy to determine the levels of the objectives and design learning instruction through which students would achieve those goals.