1. The Climate System Lecture 1 Ecological Climatology

4. Why does climate vary from place to place?

8. Ocean Circulation

9. Why does climate vary from place to place?

10. Causes of Climate Change

12. Earth’s Orbital Characteristics Gradual changes in the tilt of Earth’s axis relative to its orbit around the sun at a cycle of 41,000 years

13. Gradual changes in the eccentricity of Earth’s orbit around the sun occur at a cycle of 100,000 years Earth’s Orbital Characteristics

14. Changes in the timing of the Perihelion and Aphelion cause changes in the amount of solar radiation received on 22,000 year cycle Earth’s Orbital Characteristics

15. Methane Orbital monsoon theory: more sun → more monsoon → more methane less sun → less monsoon → less methane

16. Methane Agriculture originated independently in areas shown in black

17. Carbon Dioxide

18. By 2,000 years ago, sophisticated forms of agriculture were practiced in naturally forested areas of China, India, southern Europe, and Mediterranean North Africa

19. Overdue Glaciation A natural cooling trend in the Northern Hemisphere should have passed the threshold for initiated a new glaciation several thousand years ago

20. Overdue Glaciation When greenhouse gases of human origin are removed From the atmosphere in a climate-model run…

21. Overdue Glaciation

22. Impacts of Disease of Climate