1. www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University Basic Electronics 3/7/2013 Richard Kuo Assistant Professor

2. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Outline ► Fundamental Laws ► Tool/Equipment ► Basic Components Resistor Light Emitting Diode (LED) Oscillator Transistor Operational Amplifier (OP Amp) Ultrasound Sensor Circuit

3. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Fundamental Laws ► Ohm’s Law : Current = Voltage / Resistance ► Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) total voltage around a closed loop must be zero V4 = V1 + V2 + V3 Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) total current or charge entering a junction or node is exactly equal to the charge leaving the node

4. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Tool/Equipment ► Power Supply : adjustable outputs at 5V, 9V, 12V, … ► Soldering Iron : to solder components and wiring them on PCB ► Multimeter : to measure voltage, current, resistance ► Oscilloscope : to measure waveform & frequency OscilloscopeMultimeterSoldering IRON Power Supply

5. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Resistor Serial Serial Parallel Parallel V = I * R1 + I * R2 + I * R3 R = R1 + R2 + R3 V = I1 * R1 = I2 * R2 = I3 * R3 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 EX1. Practice using multimeter to measure resistor, voltage, current

6. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw LED (Light Emitting Diode) I = V / R = (9V – 1.8V) / 470 ohm = 15mA Typically, a LED forward voltage is about 1.8~3.3 volts; it varies by the color of the LED. A red LED typically drops 1.8 volts, but voltage drop normally rises as the light frequency increases, so a blue LED may drop around 3.3 volts. EX2. Practice soldering circuit & multimeter measuring Power Up Display

7. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Crystal Oscillator Circuit C1 & C2 = 10~30pf Clock Source

8. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Crystal Oscillator Circuit

9. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Oscillator using 74HC04

10. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw 7404 Oscillating Circuit 1KHz Waveform Generator Ex3. Practice circuit on bread board & measure output waveform

11. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw 74HCT04 Oscillating Circuit Ex4. Practice circuit on bread board & measure output waveform

12. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Transistor Reference: http://score.ptivs.ptc.edu.tw/chenjy/ELECTRN/electrn4.htm http://140.120.11.1/semicond/handout/chap5.pdf

13. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Speaker Driving Circuit Transistor can amplify signal Input : signal to B Output : load on C or E (current from E to C)

14. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Audio Generator output to Speaker 1KHz +5V Gnd Ex5. Practice circuit on bread board

15. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Ultrasound Sensor Ranger Principle Ultrasound Sensor Ranging the distance by measuring the time from transmitting 40KHz wave to received 40KHz wave, Ultrasound Speed : V = 331.4 + 0.607 * T T : temperature C0 : speed at absolute zero degree Distance t: travel time from sound wave transmitted to the reflection received 。

16. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Ultrasound Sensor – transmitter circuit MCU MCU to generate 40KHz square wave, and 74HC04 to amplify signal for ultrasound transducer to transmit Ex6. Practice soldering circuit & Oscilloscope to measure frequency, waveform

17. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Ultrasound Sensor – receiver circuit Ex7. Practice soldering circuit & Oscilloscope to measure output waveform

18. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw General Disclaimer The Lecture is strictly used for educational purpose. MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY ► The lecture cannot guarantee the validity of the information found here. The lecture may recently have been changed, vandalized or altered by someone whose opinion does not correspond with the state of knowledge in the relevant fields. Note that most other encyclopedias and reference works also have similar disclaimers.similar disclaimers No formal peer review ► The lecture is not uniformly peer reviewed; while readers may correct errors or engage in casual peer review, they have no legal duty to do so and thus all information read here is without any implied warranty of fitness for any purpose or use whatsoever. Even articles that have been vetted by informal peer review or featured article processes may later have been edited inappropriately, just before you view them.peer reviewfeatured article No contract; limited license ► Please make sure that you understand that the information provided here is being provided freely, and that no kind of agreement or contract is created between you and the owners or users of this site, the owners of the servers upon which it is housed, the individual Wikipedia contributors, any project administrators, sysops or anyone else who is in any way connected with this project or sister projects subject to your claims against them directly. You are being granted a limited license to copy anything from this site; it does not create or imply any contractual or extracontractual liability on the part of Wikipedia or any of its agents, members, organizers or other users. ► There is no agreement or understanding between you and the content provider regarding your use or modification of this information beyond the Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA) and the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL);Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License GNU Free Documentation License

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20. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC) NUC140 : 8-channel 12-bit 800KSPS ADC 智能電表 (smart meter) 採用 16/24-bit ADC 電子秤採用 16/24-bit ADC Audio : 96KHz, 24-bit Stereo ADC

21. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Direct-Conversion ADC

22. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University www.ee.ntou.edu.tw Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) ► Binary-Weighted Resistor DAC ► ΔΣ DAC (Sigma-Delta DAC) ► R-2R Ladder DAC Vout = - (Vmsb + Vn + Vlsb) = - (Vref + Vref/2 + Vref/ 4)