1. Keep Your PC Safe (Windows 7, Vista or XP) Nora Lucke 02/05/2012 Documents - http://www.ucl.ac.uk/isd/common/resources/security/computer- security

2. 5 steps to Security for User-managed PCs 1.Use passwords to control access to your PC 2.Install Windows Updates (patches) to guard against network worms (programs that install themselves so they can do damage) 3.Install a virus checker and set it to scan your whole hard disk at least weekly 4.Use a personal firewall 5.Remove Spyware These are ESSENTIAL maintenance

3. Why do I need Passwords? People who might use your computer when you are not there Cleaner Security Guard Tradesmen (various) Intruder inside the building Intruder controlling your computer from outside Colleague Burglar Do you want to be blamed for what they do?

4. Windows computers NEED a password for the Local Administrator account The Local Administrator account can be used to log on to the PC remotely to make changes, so a password is ESSENTIAL The Administrator password must be known, and kept safe in an agreed place If an IT person sets up your computer, they should keep a record of it. Users can be an Administrator if necessary, but should not be the Administrator Microsoft advice is to be a limited user, and only log in as an administrator to install programs

5. How do I do it? For User passwords Use the Control Panel –Look for User Accounts Choose a password you can remember Make it a combination of letters and numbers (strong password) If you must write it down, hide it Dont use it for other things

6. What are Windows updates, & why do I need them? Hackers and criminals keep finding problems in Windows they can exploit, so Microsoft need to keep updating it. Check the System Tray. Updates address known issues and help protect against known security threats which have been discovered since Windows was released. Updates can be downloaded automatically, though some updates require you to accept an End User License Agreement (EULA), or restart your computer after installation. NEVER be too busy to install them – you can continue to work while they are installed.

7. Microsoft Updates (XP) Windows XP is now the oldest supported OS – (until April 2014). Please update older systems Use the Microsoft Update Web site at http://update.microsoft.com. and follow the instructions there

8. Microsoft Updates (Windows 7 or Vista) Use the Windows Updates Control Panel (may be in the Security Control Panel.) After installing updates, click Change Settings

9. Windows Updates – Automatic? Your PC can be set up to do this ITSELF

10. Virus Checkers If your computer comes with Norton or MacAfee, YOU have to PAY for the updates after some months Use F-Secure or Sophos for which UCL already pays – download it from www.ucl.ac.uk/software Use F-Secure at home too – its also for home use REMOVE any other virus checker BEFORE installing a new one. (Control Panel - Programs & Features or Add/Remove Programs for XP) Ensure the virus checker is running all the time Set it to scan your hard disk at least WEEKLY Use it to remove any viruses detected – and if you cant, get help DONT automatically open attachments

11. Firewall A Firewall will protect you from unauthorised access from the Internet, & infected computers around you The latest version of F-Secure (free for UCL staff & students) includes a firewall ( http://www.ucl.ac.uk/software ) It also includes a rootkit detector (rootkits help intruders maintain complete access your PC while avoiding detection.) The F-Secure Firewall may ask you questions about what to allow – if in doubt, DENY Set it to scan web traffic Only use ONE firewall in Windows please For broadband at home, you may have a firewall already, but F-Secure should sort things out for you.

12. What are Spyware and Adware? Spyware is software that sends your personal information to a third party without your permission or knowledge (Web sites you visit, even sometimes user names and passwords) Adware is software that displays advertisements on your computer. They can inexplicably pop up on your display screen, even if you're not browsing the Internet. Some companies provide "free" software in exchange for advertising on your PC. It's how they make their money.

13. Do they matter? Adware can cause performance issues –IE might not work properly –Your PC might hang and crash –Your PC might slow down Spyware can be used by criminal gangs to –Steal your identity –Raid your Bank Accounts

14. What should I do about Spyware? Use an anti-virus with Spyware protection (F-Secure) DONT download free software from the Internet (Google for information, use http://www.tucows.com/ or http://majorgeeks.com/ for freeware or shareware)http://www.tucows.com/http://majorgeeks.com/ DONT thoughtlessly click on URLs in emails NEVER reply with personal information or passwords SCAN often for spyware & CHECK F-Secure BE careful with IRC - Messenger type programs. If not using F-Secure, use Windows Defender (Ad- Aware or Spybot for Spyware on older computers) Update to IE 9 if you dont use FIS, or use Firefox etc. Turn on pop-up blocker and Smart Screen Filter

15. Summary - Ensure your PC 1.Is password protected so you control who is using it 2.Has all Windows updates, so there are no holes that can be exploited 3.Has virus protection RUNNING (so you spot infected files) and scanning your disk REGULARLY 4.Has a personal firewall to protect it from other PCs around you 5.Is protected from Spyware, Ad-ware and pop-ups while you are web-surfing

16. Your PC is safe, now protect your data 1) BACKUP – –Every hard disk has a mean time to fail Electronic Failure Physical Failure –Data retrieval is expensive – and may be impossible. 2) ENCRYPT your sensitive data 3) Keep your PC clean

17. Questions? Documents http://www.ucl.ac.uk/isd/common/resources/ security/computer-security/