1. Review

2. The Heart- pathway of blood flow through the heart Deoxygenated blood from rest of body to right atrium via superior and inferior vena cava  right atrium  right ventricle  pulmonary artery  lung where blood picks up O 2  left atrium via pulmonary veins  left ventricle  oxygenated blood left heart via aorta to rest of the body Blood from upper body Blood from lower body  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSbbDnbSEyM

3. Try it yourself 1. Label A  D in the diagram below. 2. Which kind of blood (deoxygenated/oxygenated?) that entering: a. superior vena cava b. pulmonary vein c. pulmonary artery d. aorta 3. Where does the blood come from before entering the superior vena cava? 4. Where does the blood come from before entering the inferior vena cava? 5. Where does the blood go to after leaving the pulmonary artery? 6. The part receives blood from lung is: a.left ventriclec. left atrium b.right atriumd. right atrium

4. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article- 1372938/Live-human-heart-grown-lab-using- stem-cells-potential-transplant- breakthrough.html http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article- 1372938/Live-human-heart-grown-lab-using- stem-cells-potential-transplant- breakthrough.html

5. The Respiratory System

6. Think/Pair/Share What is the function of the respiratory system? What are its parts? What is the structure-function relationship of its parts?

7. Respiratory System Function: to facilitate gas exchange which allows cells to obtain energy for growth, repair, movement etc.

8. Stayin’ Alive! All cells must carry out cellular respiration: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 →6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 Therefore, cells must constantly: Get O 2 Get rid of CO 2

9. PARTS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 1.Nose/Mouth 2.Trachea 3.Lungs

10. Respiratory System –Nose/Mouth Air gets moistened as it passes through the nasal and oral cavity Hair and mucous trap large particles, preventing them from entering

11. Respiratory System - Trachea Tube-like structure that connects the mouth/nose nasal passage to the lungs

12. Respiratory System - Trachea lined with epithelial tissue which -has cilia -produces mucous Why?

13. Respiratory System - Trachea Cilia and Mucous: trap foreign particles cilia beat upward to cause coughing to bring up the foreign material

14. Respiratory System - Trachea Cartilage rings provide rigidity to trachea to keep airways open An artificial trachea ready for transplantation.

15. The epiglottis A trap door covering the trachea that causes food and water to bypass it and enter the esophagus instead.

16. Respiratory System - Bronchi Bronchi –tubes that carry air into each lung Bronchi branch off into smaller tubes called bronchioles (Bronchitis is a bacterial infection of the bronchi)

17. Respiratory System - Alveoli Bronchioles end with air sacs called alveoli Alveoli- thin air sacs surrounded by capillaries to allow gas exchange with the blood

18. GasConcentrat ion in Alveoli Concentrat ion in Blood Moves from Moves to O2O2 high O 2 concentrat ion lower O 2 concentrat ion alveolus blood cells CO 2 lower CO 2 concentrat ion higher CO 2 concentrat ion blood alveolus Gas Exchange in the Alveoli

19. Respiratory System - Lungs Lungs are papery/spongy tissue due to the many airways and air sacs. Lungs inflate/deflate according to the contraction/relaxation of your diaphragm muscle

20. Breathing- moving air in and out of lungs

21. Breathing INHALATIONEXHALATION diaphragmContracts & lowers Relaxes & raises Volume of chest cavity expandsshrinks Air movesInto lungs with higher O 2 content Out of lungs with higher CO 2 content Lungsinflatedeflate

22. Respiratory System in Fish Fish use gills for gas exchange Water with dissolved O 2 flows over the gills O 2 enters the bloodstream and CO 2 exits into the water by diffusion Lots of surface area to facilitate gas exchange. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hc1YtXc_84A