1. Citation Formatting
MLA and APA

2. Citation Formatting
If you use information that is not common knowledge – summaries, facts, quotations, or ideas – you must give credit to your source and document where the information can be found.
Citation formatting enables you to do this
AKA: citing sources, documenting information

3. Purposes of Citation Formatting
Documents your sources of information
Gives credit to others for their ideas
Distinguishes YOUR ideas from those of others
Prevents plagiarism

4. Types of Citation Formatting
Humanities – MLA
Social Sciences – APA
History – Chicago
Sciences - CSE

5. Types of Citation Formatting
Humanities – MLA
Social Sciences – APA
History – Chicago
Sciences - CSE

6. MLA or APA Citation Formatting
There are TWO parts:
In-text citations
Give credit to your sources within the text
Listing of sources of information at the end
Tells the reader exactly where to find the information

7. MLA

8. MLA In-Text Citations Format #1
Signal phrase introduces the information AND
Page or other reference appears after the information
Format #2
Parenthetical reference only

9. MLA In-Text Citations Format #1
Kwon points out that the Fourth Amendment does not give employees any protections from employers’ “unreasonable searches and seizures” (6).
Format #2
Companies can monitor employees’ keystrokes without legal penalty, but they may have to combat low morale as a result (Lane 129)
(Hacker 120)

10. Works Cited Listing of citations contained in your paper
Alphabetical by author
The formats vary depending on whether your source of information is a book, a journal article, a Web site, etc.
The list appears at the end of your paper

11. Example from Diana Hacker

12. APA

13. APA In-Text Citations Author’s last name Year of publication
Page number (for quotations)

14. APA In-Text Citation Examples
According to Smith (1999), the best apple pie is made at home.
The best apple pie is made at home (Smith, 1999).
Smith (1999) suggests that “the best apple pie is made at home” (p. 4).

15. References Listing of citations contained in your paper
Alphabetical by author
The formats vary depending on whether your source of information is a book, a journal article, a Web site, etc.
The list appears at the end of your paper

16. Example from Diana Hacker

17. Reminders…
If you mention someone else’s ideas in your paper you must indicate that with a citation
Be sure to use quotation marks around the phrases of others
Any in-text citation you use should correspond to a detailed listing in your Works Cited or References

18. Bibliography
It is different from a Works Cited list or a References list
A listing of ALL of the sources of information that you’re reading (or read) for your paper.
Often this is requested by instructors before a paper is due to see what kinds of resources you’ve found for a project

19. Helpful Resources ESC Library Diana Hacker Pocket Manual
Diana Hacker Web Site