1. T HE W ORLD B ANK G ROUP Rohini Sengupta & Sreya Vaidyanathan

2. HISTORY Established in1944 at the Bretton Woods Summit in New Hampshire Conceived for the reconstruction Europe International Bank of Reconstruction and Development First loan to $250 million to France Offices setup in Paris, Prague, and Copenhagen

3. T RANSITION Transitioned and expanded responsibilities in the 1980s Macroeconomics and debt rescheduling Social and environmental issues Criticisms prompted: Waphens Report Inspection Panel 1994 Annual Meeting in Madrid Larger role in global policy Expanded to 5 financial & banking agencies – each with its own Articles of Agreement

5. P URPOSE Mandate has evolved: worldwide poverty alleviation Source of technical and financial assistance for developing countries Low interest loans, interest free credits, grants Supports investment Trust fund partnerships Policy advice, research & analysis, technical assistance Still focuses on post-war reconstruction

6. S IX S TRATEGIC T HEMES Focus on… Poorest countries Fragile/conflict affected states The Arab world Middle income countries Global public goods issues Education

7. M EMBERSHIP AND LEADERSHIP Current President: Rober B. Zoellick 187 Members US, UK, France, Germany, and Japan are largest shareholders Ultimate decision making power with member countries: Board of Governors (senior decision-making body) Board of Executives (25 members) Each member has one Governor and one Alternate 5 Largest shareholders appoint Directors, other 20 are elected

8. A DVANTAGES /B ENEFITS OF M EMBERSHIP Loans to developing countries for capital projects Benefits economic prosperity in the long run Free trade with foreign investment & capital investment Foreign investment Access to capital markets Opens new markets Falling extreme poverty rates Increase in general education rates

9. D ISADVANTAGES / C RITICISMS Structural adjustment “worsens life for the poor” Only effective in countries with stable institutional frameworks (Sub-Saharan Africa worse) Global inequity Shock therapy Detrimental to health, environment & cultural diversity Brazilian Kayapo People Run by a small number of economically prosperous countries American leaders “Sovereign immunity”

10. W ORLD B ANK & AP6: MEXICO Worldbank.org

11. W ORLD B ANK & AP6 MEXICO: 18 active projects Oportunidades Program 5.8 million of the poorest “ provides cash on condition health, education and nutrition targets are met, including regular medical check-ups and school attendance” (WB Press Release 2010) Extreme poverty 10.4%  10.2% NIGERIA: 130 loans Fadama II project (agriculture), microfinance projects, HIV/AIDS, education, water projects

12. W ORLD B ANK & AP6: IRAN Active project: Alborz Integrated Land & Water Management Increases agricultural productivity US $120 mil May 2005- October 2012 CHINA: 107 active projects, 315 completed projects US $1,770.72 mil loaned in 2011 Railroad programs, health programs, urban development programs, agricultural programs

13. W ORLD B ANK & AP6: UK: 3.75% voting power Represented on Board of Governors 2007/2008: 1.4 billion pounds loaned RUSSIA: 10 investment projects in Russia totaling US$ 987 million (2012) More than 70 projects Public administration and fiscal policy, human and infrastructure development, energy efficiency and environmental and forestry protection

14. W ORKS C ITED "Amazon Indians Attack Official Over Dam Project." National Geographic. National Geographic Society. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.. "EDITORIAL - Criticism of World Trade Organization, World Bank and International Monetary Fund - Editorial." CBS Interactive. CBS Interactive Business Network, 01 Sept. 2000. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.. "Mexico." Overview. World Bank. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.. "Russian Federation." Russia Projects & Programs. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.. “UK.” Overview. World Bank. Web. 26 Mar. 2012. <http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/uk/overview “China.” Overview. World Bank. Web. 26 Mar. 2012. <http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/China/overview "Leadership." About Us. 19 Jan. 2012. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.. "Site Tools." About Us. The World Bank Group, 31 Jan. 2012. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.. "What We Do." About Us. The World Bank Group, 8 Mar. 2012. Web. 26 Mar. 2012..