1. Diabetes Type I & Type II Nursing In-service Community Health Foundation of ELA, Inc. Ana H. Corona, RN, BSN Director of Nursing March 24, 2002 Source ADA More Presentations at www.nurseana.com

2. Over 5 million people in America have diabetes and don’t even know it. Each day in the United States, 2,200 people are diagnosed with Diabetes

3. What is Diabetes? Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin, a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. Over time, high blood sugar can damage the heart, arteries, eyes, nerves, and kidneys, leading to serious health problems. The cause of diabetes is a mystery although both genetics and environmental factors such as obesity and lack of exercise appear to play roles. Diabetes is a serious disease that can lead to blindness, heart attacks, stroke, kidney failure, amputation, and death. Diabetes is the 6th leading cause of death by disease in the United States, killing an estimated 180,000 people each year.

4. Typical forms of Diabetes Type I:Auto-immune Disease Body does not produce insulin Insulin Dependent 5-10% of diabetes Type II:Metabolic Disorder Body unable to produce enough insulin Non-insulin Dependent 90-95% of diabetes GDM2-5% of all pregnancies Disappears when pregnancy is over Increase risk for developing Type II Diabetes

5. Risk Factors Over age 45 and older Over weight High blood pressure (140/90) Family history of diabetes History of gestational diabetes Or had a baby 9 lbs or > at birth Ethnic group: African American, Latino, American Indian, Asian, American or Pacific Islander

6. Signs and Symptoms Extreme thirst Blurry vision Frequent urination Unusual tiredness or drowsiness Unexplained weight loss

7. Find out if you are at risk: Take this test and find out if you are at risk for having diabetes. Individuals in certain ethnic groups including Latino, African American, Native American and Asian are disproportionately affected by diabetes.

8. Circle answer and add up points 1 YesNo 1. My weight is above that listed in the chart (chart at end of session) 50 2. I am under 65 and get little/no exercise 50 3. I am between 45 and 64 years of age 50 4. I am 65 years of age or older 90 5. I had a baby weighting 9 lbs or > at birth 10 6. I have a sister or brother with diabetes 10 7. I have a parent with diabetes 10 Total

9. If you scored 3-9 points: You are probably currently at low risk for having diabetes – but you may be a higher risk in the future. New guidelines recommend everyone age 45 and over should consider being tested for the disease every three years. People at high risk should consider being tested at a younger age.

10. High risk If you scored 10 points or greater Should consider being tested for diabetes

11. Weight Chart 1 HEIGHTWOMEN LBSMEN LBS 4”9134---------- 4”10137---------- 4”11140---------- 5143---------- 5”1146157 5”2150160 5”3154162 5”4157165 5”5161168 5”6164172 5”7168176 5”9175182 5”10178186 5”11182190 6194 6”1199 6”2203 6”3209