1. The New World These words throughout Europe greatly stimulated the European monarchs for overseas exploration and colonization. Where they explored and colonized depended on the ocean currents, weather patterns, and where rival powers had claimed their land. England started colonizing along the Atlantic Ocean.

2. English Colonies

3. The 13 colonies are broken up into regions. Regions: an area grouped all together by a common characteristics The Thirteen colonies were divided into three regions based on the type of people that lived there, the climate, and the physical geography of the area.

4. New England Colonies

5. ReasonsGeographyEconomy $$$Colonies Who Puritans Pilgrims To practice their religion without fear of persecution English people Long winters Lots of trees and rocky soil Not good for farming lumbering Ship building Fishing Massachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Connecticut New England Colonies

6. 1620

7. * 1635

8. 1636

9. 1638

10. Reason Settled: RELIGIOUS FREEDOM!

11. MAJOR PRODUCTS: shipbuilding industry fishing How did they make money?

12. Climate and Farming: CLIMATE: Extremely cold winter Short growing season FARMING: NOT GOOD   Hard / rocky soil NOT good  

13. PEOPLE OF NEW ENGLAND

14. Pilgrims Arrived on the Mayflower Wanted religious freedom Led by William Bradford and landed at Plymouth Signed the Mayflower Compact (remember…it was the 1 st self-government

15. Puritans Better Church of England Puritan Beliefs: They were the “chosen people” Very smart Church & state should work together

16. Puritans Leave Massachusetts 1 st group to Connecticut Wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which was the 1 st Written Constitution in America Author was Thomas Hooker –Gave a detailed description of representative government

17. Middle Colonies

18. ReasonsGeographyEconomy $$$Colonies Who Germans Swedes Dutch Cold winters Better climate than New England Lots of hills and trees Small farms mining trade New York Delaware New Jersey Pennsylvania Middle Colonies (Bread Basket) Religious freedom trade Iron ore Wheat and grains

19. * 1620

20. 1638

22. 1682

23. REASONS SETTLED: Business profit and trade Religious freedom

24. MAJOR PRODUCTS Harvesting grain Cattle &

25. CLIMATE AND FARMING Climate Cold winters Average growing season Farming OK Coastline rocky but some rolling green hills

26. PEOPLE OF THE MIDDLE COLONIES

27. Quakers Leader was William Penn Sought religious freedom and trade for money Led a simplistic lifestyle Religious toleration— church services unnecessary Believed in no violence to anyone and that slavery was bad

28. HOW DID THEY END UP HERE? King Charles II owed the Penn family money Repaid them with land in America So…William Penn brought the Quakers to the New World (against his father’s wishes) Pennsylvania & the Quakers

29. Was called the “Holy Experiment” Established Philadelphia, which became known as the “City of Brotherly Love” “any government is free to the people under it…where the laws rule” Called the “melting pot city” because all foreigners were welcome

30. The English took New Netherlands away from the Dutch and renamed it New York Had lots of ethnic diversity (Italians, Dutch, French, Irish) Trade was great because of the large harbor area Fastest growing of all the colonies New York

31. New Jersey Was a proprietary colony Known for ethnic diversity Allowed religious freedom 1 st to have trial by jury Representative government

32. Delaware Formed for Pennsylvania’s access to the Atlantic Ocean Why was this important? FOR TRADE!

34. Southern Colonies ReasonsGeographyEconomy $$$Colonies Who English – looking for profit Mild winters Fertile soil farms rice tobacco Virginia Maryland North Carolina South Carolina Southern Colonies (farms and plantations) profit New opportunities Plantations Cash Crops Lots of flat land Georgia

35. 1607 (Jamestown)

36. 1634

37. 1660-1670

39. 1733

40. REASONS SETTLED: Mercantilism (a state’s power depends on its wealth) Profit from trade

41. MAJOR PRODUCTS: Agriculture Tobacco – 1 st cash crop Lumber Rice

42. CLIMATE AND FARMING CLIMATE Warm, humid Long growing season FARMING GREAT! Moist, rich soil

43. Established by Lord Baltimore Settled by Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in England Passed the Toleration Act— provided religious freedom Farmed tobacco MARYLAND

44. Carolina Was swampy & humid Poor administration Used Natives as slave labor Caused many battles Proprietors were no help so the king took over Separated into North and South

45. Settled by General James Oglethorpe Purpose was to give debtors a new start Slavery was not allowed Allowed religious freedom GEORGIA

46. Jamestown, Virginia Tobacco & women were the reason for the survival of Jamestown Swamp brought disease House of Burgesses was the 1 st representative government

47. SLAVERY Slavery becomes a worldwide mistake

48. Start of Slavery Africans were not the 1 st 1 st – Indentured Servants (poor white English people who borrowed money to get to America)

49. 2 nd – Native Americans (began to die of disease or escaped)

50. 3 rd —Africans (slaves were critical for the tobacco harvest)

51. Brought here through Triangle Trade This was the triangle of shipping of goods from America to Europe and slaves from Africa to America