1. The Great Bristol GA 6 th Form Competition 2011 A Decision Making Exercise What will happen when the Mare of all Super floods hits the Western(on) world? OR The future management of the Somerset coastal zone

2. A Top tip The information you are about to receive is vital to your success So make some notes as you will not receive a copy of this PowerPoint

3. Can you ever make a decision? ( My mum 1996 ) A key element of geography and the working world is decision making The key is.. 1.Be informed. Read up to give you breadth of understanding of the SEEP points (Social, Economic, Environmental and Political) 2.Then you can make an informed decision which will allow you to PEE (a great relief) 3.Identify your social, economic and environmental P oints and consider the sustainability factor 4.E xpand and explain your points 5.Support them with E vidence 6.Finally see the complexity ‘However’, Recognise your weaknesses and prepare your counter arguments

4. 1.A natural process by which the earth’s climate changes over time What is climate change?

5. 1.The Greenhouse effect is a natural process 2.Sun’s energy enters atmosphere as short wave ultra violet solar radiation 3.About half of this solar energy is absorbed by earth 4.The rest is reflected off the earth’s surface as long wave infrared radiation 5.The heat of infrared radiation is of a wavelength which is naturally absorbed by "greenhouse gas molecules" in the upper atmosphere such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane. 6.These molecules absorb some of this radiation and readmit it in all directions 7.The effect of this is to warm the earth’s lower atmosphere 8.Without the greenhouse effect Life on earth would eb very diifernt Has it got anything to do with the greenhouse effect?

6. What could happen to sea levels in the future?

7. What could happen to the ice?

8. Who is already being Affected? The Maldives being a fragile low lying small island ecosystem, is very vulnerable to climate change and its associated impacts especially the predicted sea level rise. Although the Maldives contributes minimally to the global greenhouse gas emissions: 0.001% (MHAHE 2001), it is among the most susceptible to impacts of the changes in climate.

9. What is the general trend shown in the graph? Use figures to describe the trend.

10. Describe what has happened to sea levels over time

11. A map of the UK after a sea level rise of 84 metres - 275 feet. This is what would be left of the UK if all the world's ice melted. Where would you want to live? Where is a place you would not want to live?

12. Why should I care? The anticipated range of relative sea-level rise by the 2080s (relative to the 1961- 1990 mean) is 20-80 cm in south-west England

13. Somerset risk areas http://flood.firetree.net/?ll=51.2439,- 2.7562&z=7&m=14

14. “Threat of coastal flooding in Burnham- On-Sea to be debated” Coastal Group chairman Humphrey Temperley added: “Coastal erosion is nothing new – communities have suffered its effects throughout history and it will go on happening. We need to look now at how we can cope with it over the next 100 years, given what we know about the resources that will be available and how the coast will change.”

15. What about the local impact? Source: http://flood.firetree.net/

16. What about the local impact? Source: http://flood.firetree.net/

17. What about the local impact? Source: http://flood.firetree.net/

19. The locations you will focus on Weston Super Mare Burnham on Sea Sand Bay

20. Location: On the Bristol Channel coast, 18 miles south west of Bristol. Average Height above sea level: 5 metres Population: 71,758 (UK census 2001) Function: Seaside resort + tourism – 5.3 million visitors 2005, Light industries including Vutrix – semiconductor distributor. Two biggest employers = Local council and Weston College Attractions: The Helicopter Museum, North Somerset Museum, the Grand Pier and the Sea Quarium aquarium. Cultural venues include The Playhouse, The Winter Gardens, and The Blakehay Theatre & Community Arts Centre. Local case studies: Weston Super Mare

21. Location: A strip of coast in which lies 2 miles north of the seaside resort of Weston-super-Mare Average Height above sea level: 6 metres Population: 1624 (UK census 2001) Function: Seaside resort + tourism – home to Martyn Leisure Breaks Hotel and several static caravan parks Attractions: The beach, walks along Sand Point (A National Trust Heritage Site), local bird populations Local case studies: Sand Bay + Kew Stoke

22. Location: A town in Somerset, England, at the mouth of the River Parrett and Bridgwater Bay. Average Height above sea level: 4 metres Population: 18,401 (UK census 2001) Function: Tourism, retail, railway terminal, education (King Alfred School) Golf course facilities Attractions: The beach, Burnham Holiday Village ‘Haven Holidays’ Local case studies: Burnham on Sea

23. So what coastal defence solutions should be considered ?

24. Do nothing So what can be done?

25. Managed retreat So what can be done?

26. Hard engineering solutions So what can be done?

27. Soft engineering solutions So what can be done?

28. A range of solutions So what can be done?

29. Your Big decision Do nothing Managed Retreat Defend using hard engineering Defend using soft engineering Employ a range of options

30. The activity and the task 1.Choose one of the options giving reasons for your choice. You must explain why this option (not just the site) has the most benefits. 2.Include the views of the various stakeholders 3.Set the decision within the framework of sustainability. Remember to cover social, economic and environmental impacts 4.Explain why your decision may not be ideal in all aspects 5.State why you rejected all of the other options 6.Explain how the rejected options may have some advantages

31. Getting started 1.Send a representative to collect an info pack 2.Read through the information in the packs 3.Choose your decision, hopefully as a team 4.Then distribute the 6 tasks from the previous slide between the different members of the team 5.Send a representative to collect paper, pens etc 6.You have one hour before you presentation must be delivered to the judges 7.Good luck and remember fab prizes, fame and glory for the winning team