1. Humanistic Theory and Social Cognitive Theory
Psychology 12
Ms. Rebecca

2. Today:
How do people develop “healthy”personalities acc to the Humanistic Theory? How is therapy organized with this method?
What does the Social Cognitive theory say are the 3 things you need to know about someone to understand their personality?
What is internal vs. External locus of control?
Define the following: congruence, acculturation

3. Now let’s learn about the other theories:
1. Humanistic Theory
2. Social Cognitive Theory

4. Humanistic Perspective
Focuses on:
Conscious experiences
Free will and creativity
Studies all factors of the human condition

5. Abraham Maslow
Hierarchy of needs:

6. People who are self-actualized:
Know and like who they are
Flexible and spontaneous
Loving and caring
Don’t care about what others think
Focused on a life mission
Have deep relationships, not superficial ones
Have had amazing experiences that have changed the way they live their lives.

7. Carl Rogers
People need certain things to be able to reach self-actualization.

8. Congruence
When you are right about yourself. You think you are good at math and you ARE good at math. This is important for positive self-esteem.

9. Unconditional positive regard

10. Other things that can help people to grow and thrive:
Being genuine: freely express your feelings
Emathy: share thoughts and feelings and try to understand the thoughts and feelings of others.

11. Problems with the Humanistic Perspective:
Vague terms: “spontaneous”, “loving”……
Never say “No”?!
Despite the negatives, Humanistic psychology has helped people to study human strengths and virtues instead of only problems.

12. How do we develop self-esteem?
When we are young:
From other people like our parents. -Unconditional love helps kids to have high self-esteem
But if parents only show love when children act a certain way, children may not feel good about themselves.

13. So,
You need to learn to be true to yourself – person-centered therapy – and not rely on how others feel about you.

14. Summary
Psychoanalytic Theory- we’re products of our childhood and unconscious feelings
Humanistic Theory-We’re products of our own choice

15. 4.Social Cognitive Theory
Combines research on social behavior, cognition, and learning

16. Albert Bandura To understand personality, you need to think about
Situation
How the person thinks
How the person interacts socially

17. Interacting With Our Environment
Reciprocal determinism
Personality AND environment affect behavior.
3 factors:
1. your thoughts
2. your environment
3. your behaviors

18. Coach Currey’s Big Loss
Normally, Mr. Currey is very pleasant to be around:
But sometimes:

19. Girls Softball Coaching = the worst
1. Change in behavior on field.
2. perception of situation. Confidence in coaching…
3. Elements of situation- zero effort.

20. Personal Control
Do you feel in control of your life or does your environment control you?

21. Locus of Control Internal Locus of Control: you control your own fate
External Locus of Control: Fate is a result of outside forces you can’t control.

22. Learned Helplessness

23. Can people Unlearn helplessness?
Yes! Give them a sense of control again: tv control in prison, arranging things in nursing home….

24. Optimism is important Problems are temporary, not totally your fault.
BUT be careful of being too optimistic!

25. How do Social-cognitive theorists do experiments?
Put people in situations and see what they do. Vary the situation to look for personality consistencies. Or look at past behaviors.

26. Acculturation
Adapting to your environment to try to fit into the culture.

27. Problems with the Social-Cognitive method
Good because it helps us to realize that situations CAN affect behavior and personality
BUT are we ONLY a product of what we learn? Rewards and punishments? What about greed, revenge, shyness?

28. Review:
How do people develop “healthy”personalities acc to the Humanistic Theory? How is therapy organized with this method?
What does the Social Cognitive theory say are the 3 things you need to know about someone to understand their personality?
What is internal vs. External locus of control?
Define the following: congruence, acculturation

29. How can we REALLY understand personality?
Look at ALL of the perspectives TOGETHER!
Homework: Finish reading pp and pp
Next time: Personality Box Assignment!

30. Introduce Personality Boxes
So far we have learned about:
Big 5 Trait Theory
Psychoanalytical Theory
Humanistic Theory
Social Cognitive Theory
You can describe what each theory says and choose any 2 aspects of those 3 theories that you think you represent in your personality. Just make sure you can think of a visual representation to include in your box too! That means for EACH of these areas you need 2 objects in your box.