1. Blurred lines between Downward and Public accountability Celestine Krössschell Team leader Governance and Peace Helvetas Swiss Intercooperation DSA Conference 3rd Nov 2012

2. Why are we interested in Accountability? Discussion on Human Rights Based Approach Human Rights as core of our Organisational Strategy Balancing upward (to donors) with downward accountability Two ways 1.Downward accountability; accountability to those affected by HELVETAS programmes and projects 2.Public or social accountability; promoting accountability of the State towards its citizens Challenges encountered Not so clear cut, both needed Working with partners, partner accountability? Fragile contexts

3. Applied Research Public Audit Practice in Nepal (in Trailbridge Programme ) Developed during conflict to allow continuation of work Three public meetings: Public Hearing, Public Review, Public Audit Mostly for Infrastructure, user committee has central role Creates space for men and women to express their views, concerns, ask questions, complain Ward Platforms in Bangladesh (in Governance Programme) Citizens network linking communities with local government Facilitate Ward level planning, bringing forward citizens priorities Monitoring implementation of projects, usually infrastructure Bringing forward concerns and complaints Local councils in Mozambique (in Water and Governance programme) Linking communities to local government, representing local men and women Capacity building of local councils to bring forward concerns of their communities, hold government accountable Local Governance Assessments to discuss roles and responsibilities, and performance Radio programmes organises public debates

4. User committee of trail bridge

5. Ward platform president presenting the Ward Development plan during Ward Shava

6. Forum local (local council)

7. Some preliminary findings Ambigous legislation, weakness of the state, local government Trust, who is seen as legimitate by the concerned women and men? Inclusion, elite capture, co-option of elite to include the poor Role of (I)NGOs in promoting accountability INGO accountability, blurred lines

8. Considerations for NGO downward accountability Blurred lines, multiple accountabilities as part of the work Use of intermediary organisations, their accountabilities, risk of elite- capture, mutual accountability, learning democratic practices Transparency, information sharing, clarify roles and responsibilities Promote spaces for information sharing, collaboration, practising accountability Downward accountability to create space, understanding, practice for public or social accountability

9. Thank you!