1. Empire building in Africa
Chapter 14, Section 2
Empire building in Africa

2. Section 1 Review (S.E.A.)
Empire system breaks down in Europe, so countries look to continue abroad
Raw goods and markets
GB – Singapore, Burma, etc.
France – Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia
USA – Philippines
Direct vs. indirect rule

3. West Africa Slave trade in past, but illegal by 1808 U.S. Constitution
Needed the South, but couldn’t let this go on anymore
Article 1 Section 9 - Limits on Congress The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person.

4. West Africa (cont’d) Other kinds of trade on rise
Same principle as S.E.A. (markets/raw goods)
Peanuts, timber, hides, oil
GB first in Sierra Leone, Nigeria (label)
French in (French) W. Africa (label)

5. North Africa Egyptian independence from Ottoman Empire (label)
Muhammad Ali
Suez Canal (label)
British to India, Egypt becomes GB’s protectorate
Sudan to GB (label)
France in Algeria and Morocco (label)

6. Central Africa David Livingstone – explorer/cartographer = lost
Henry Stanley to find
H.S. encouraged Belgium to settle Congo (Label)
King Leopold II

7. East Africa GB & Germany (label) are African rivals by 1885
Von Bismarck did it for political reasons
Berlin Conference (84/85) to sort it out without war
Portugal gets Mozambique (label both)
Germany gets German East Africa (Label)
GB gets British East Africa (label)

8. South Africa 200k whites by 1865
Boers (Dutch) pushed N. by British, who wanted to make a RR from South Africa through Rhodesia/Bechuanaland(label)
Cecil Rhodes (expansion vs. Zulu and Boers)
Boer War

9. Colonial Rule in Africa
Only Liberia and Ethiopia still free (label)
Total oppression, but indirect rule when possible (like in SEA)
French ruled directly through the “Governor-General”
Assimilation

10. Rise of African Nationalism
Remember – these are sand castles!
Step 1: Education
Low salaries and slavery = people want change
Mixture of hope & resentment
Political parties start forming

11. Chapter 14, Section 3
British Rule In India

12. The Sepoy Mutiny
British East India Company (BEIC), the main trader, given right to rule colony
Ruled with forts/soldiers from England, but also hired Indian soldiers – “sepoys”
BEIC to start greasing bullets with cow/pig fat (sacred to Hindus/Muslims)

13. The Sepoy Mutiny (cont’d)
1857 = Sepoys refuse, are arrested, then rebel
Atrocities on both sides for about 1 year
Result = BEIC power given to British govt., Queen Victoria now has all the power, Indian nationalism