1. 1 Challenge the future 1 st Ocean Energy colloquium Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion June 2015 Challenge the future

2. 2 Agenda of today 12:45Ocean Energy Platform at TU Delft - B.J. Kleute 12:50OTEC research & developments - Dr. ir. C.A. Infante Ferreira 13:10OTEC thesis - Vilborg Guðjónsdóttir 13.20 Discussion

3. 3 Challenge the future Oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface and are a vast renewable energy resource Oceans are still relatively unexplored TU Delft is renowned in Water and Offshore Energy research (2 nd position globally in Offshore Wind) TU Delft can build on an extensive network of knowledge partners and industry in the Water and Offshore field Context

4. 4 Challenge the future Ocean Energy Tidal / currentWave Salinity gradient Thermal gradient Aquatic biomass

5. 5 Challenge the future TU Delft aims to play a major role in ocean energy research, education, development, knowledge transfer, and international cooperation and to help solve the key challenges of Ocean Energy: Ocean energy resource analysis Energy conversion optimization Offshore engineering System integration Ocean Energy platform

6. 6 Challenge the future The Ocean Energy platform will work on: Cluster expertise and connect researchers with an interest in Ocean Energy at the TU Delft faculties Attract funds and start of research projects (e.g. PhD’s) in Ocean Energy; Initiation of laboratory prototype projects; Ocean energy education resources, e.g. teaching materials, books, and videos. Ocean Energy platform

7. 7 Challenge the future Ocean Energy platform http://oceanenergy.tudelft.nl/

8. 8 Challenge the future Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion activities at Process and Energy Carlos Infante Ferreira Challenge the future

9. 9 Analysis of External Influences on an OTEC cycle Vilborg Guðjónsdóttir Challenge the future

10. 10 Challenge the future The Project What are the effects of temperature fluctuations on the OTEC cycle? Based on previous optimization of the OTEC cycle Model created Experiments performed to validate the model Three working fluid researched Ammonia Ammonia water R32 – R134a

11. 11 Challenge the future The model Steady state off design model Implemented in MATLAB Thermodynamic properties from the REFPROP database Experiments performed with pure ammonia to validate the model

12. 12 Challenge the future The Thermodynamic cycle

13. 13 Challenge the future The OTEC Demo

14. 14 Challenge the future Validation

15. 15 Challenge the future Results

16. 16 Challenge the future Results

17. 17 Challenge the future Conclusions Decrease in power and efficiency is proportional to the decrease in temperature difference Warm and cold seawater temperature fluctuations have similar effects Each degree difference has high impact Mass flow of the working fluid can be varied to improve the performance slightly

18. 18 Challenge the future Recommendations Combine the off design model with optimizing model Perform more experiments with more sensors Confirm pressure drop correlations Confirm heat transfer correlations for ammonia water

19. 19 Challenge the future 1 st Ocean Energy colloquium Questions ? June 2015 Challenge the future

20. 20 Challenge the future Next lunch lecture: Monday, 28 September Peter Scheijgrond – Ocean Energy roadmap Challenge the future