1. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. 1920s Social Change and Prohibition

2. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Identify the causes and effects of the Eighteenth Amendment. Explain how the Nineteenth Amendment changed the role of women in society. Describe how the automobile, radio, and movies changed American culture. Explain why tension and unrest lay beneath the surface during the 1920s. Objectives

3. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Terms and People prohibition – a total ban on alcoholic drinks bootlegger – liquor smuggler speakeasy – illegal tavern that served liquor

4. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Women gained voting rights. Alcohol was made illegal for over a decade. America developed a new mass culture. How did social change and conflict mark the 1920s? The political changes of the 1920s were accompanied by far-reaching social changes.

5. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. This began a period of time known as Prohibition. In 1919, the Eighteenth Amendment made it illegal to make, sell, or transport alcohol. Conserve grains used to make alcohol Reduce drunkenness and family violence Reasons for Prohibition

6. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Prohibition had several effects on American society. Saloons shut down. Arrests for drunkenness declined. People consumed less alcohol.

7. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Prohibition failed because it could not be enforced. Bootleggers made huge profits smuggling liquor from Canada and the Caribbean. This caused a rise in organized crime. Every large town had speakeasies where illegal liquor was served. In 1933, the Twenty-first Amendment repealed Prohibition.

8. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Women gained new rights in the 1920s. In 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment gave women voting rights. Women joined political parties and were elected to offices. Women were still barred from many universities and from serving on juries. Married women were not allowed to keep their earnings. However, they still lacked full equality.

9. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Many younger women in the 1920s shocked the older generation. These “flappers” did not seem interested in women’s rights. Their attitude and style came to symbolize women in the 1920s.

10. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Three inventions led to the emergence of a new mass culture in the 1920s. Automobiles Movies Commercial Radio

11. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The automobile greatly changed American life. Automobiles symbolized freedom and independence. Families could easily move to suburbs. Rural residents became less isolated. New businesses were opened along highways. Americans began to travel more.

12. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Radio and movies revolutionized entertainment in the 1920s. Almost any family could afford a radio. People nationwide listened to the same music, news, sports, and radio dramas.

13. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Movies provided an escape, and action films and comedies were very popular. Many Americans went to the movies weekly. Movie fans began to worship celebrities.

14. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Some Americans feared that rapid social changes would destroy their way of life. This fear was reflected in the Scopes trial of 1925. This violated Tennessee law. Scopes was put on trial. High school teacher John Scopes taught evolution.

15. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The trial encapsulated the conflict between modern, urban Americans and traditional, rural Americans. William Jennings Bryan, a three- time candidate for President, prosecuted Scopes. Scopes lost his job. Laws against teaching evolution remained but were rarely enforced. Clarence Darrow, a famous Chicago lawyer, defended Scopes.

16. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Fear of social change also caused racial tensions. Many African Americans served in World War I. Many moved to northern cities. This was called the Great Migration. Violent race riots broke out in several cities. They hoped to gain equality in America. Great Migration

17. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Organizations formed in response to the rising racial tensions. Marcus Garvey formed the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). The Ku Klux Klan scorned blacks, immigrants, Catholics, and Jews. UNIA promoted black pride and unity. Several scandals in the late 1920s caused the Klan to lose support.