1. Maths of Celtic and African art Chris Budd

2. Knots have been around for a very long time They have many uses Climbing Fishing Sailing

3. They also appear in nature Enzyme DNA Vortices

4. Knots are central to Celtic and African art Celtic African

5. Book of Kells

9. How to draw simple Celtic Knots Start with a grid (5, 4) grid

10. (5,6)

11. (4,8)

12. (2,2) 2 (3,2) 1 (5,3) 1 (4,4) 4 How many pieces of string are needed?

13. Simple Celtic Knots are very similar to plaited mat sona drawings Sona … African sand patterns These are used to tell stories (3,4) (2,4)

14. J

15. More advanced Celtic Knots are also based on a grid and a set of simple rules or

16. ABC Grid Corner Patterns Corner Edge

17. A (A B) First example B Notation

18. Get the Trefoil Knot.. Also called the overhand knot Two trefoils = one reef knot

19. B AAB (B A A B) Notation Second example

20. Get the Carrick Bend This is the simplest example of a Josephine Knot

21. … or even … A A A A B B B B C (A B A) (B C B) (A B A) Symmetry makes the best knots Notation Four reflexions One rotation

22. … producing the knot

23. We can also produce more advanced African knots … Such as the Chased Chicken design