1. Biomedical applications of molecular imaging Tony Lahoutte UMons Nov-Dec 2011

2. Course 1 Part 1: Introduction and general principles

3. Biomedical Imaging Röntgen Hand of Anna Berthe 1895

4. Biomedical Imaging Röntgen 22 dec 1895 Hand of Anna Berthe 23 January 1896 Hand of Albert von Kölliker

5. Biomedical Imaging Weissleder and Pittet, Nature 2009

6. Biomedical Imaging 1. Microscopy: In vitro samples or in vivo tissues 2. Preclinical Imaging: In vivo imaging in animal models 3. Clinical Imaging: Imaging in patients

7. Biomedical Imaging CT – X-ray SPECT & PET MRI www.mi-central.org Bioluminescence Fluorescence FRET/FRAP ImageStream

8. Biomedical Imaging Anatomical imaging: Organ and tissue morphology Physiologic Imaging: Organ and tissue function Molecular Imaging: Molecules and cells Molecular Anatomy Physiology Cell

9. Molecular Imaging Definition : Molecular imaging is the visualization, the characterization and the measurement of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels in living systems

10. Anatomical Molecular Hybrid Imaging

11. Anatomical CT scan of a women

12. Molecular Glucose molecules

13. PET-CT scan Computed Tomography or CT scan Anatomical Positron Emission Tomography or PET scan Molecular

14. Anatomical + Molecular PET/CT fusion image

15. Anatomical

16. Molecular Radiolabeled antibody fragments that recognize cancer cells

17. SPECT-CT

18. Anatomical + Molecular SPECT/CT fusion image

19. Anatomical MRI scan

20. Anatomical + Molecular

21. PET/MRI scanner Courtesy of University of Tübingen

22. FMT/MRI J. Chen, JCI, 2009: “Combined magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging of the living mouse brain reveals glioma response to chemotherapy” Fluorescence Molecular Tomography/ Magnetic Resonance Imaging = FMT/MRI MRI FMT

23. FMT/CT FMT/CT fusion Nature 2008;452:580-589

24. FMT scanner VisenImaging Near Infrared Fluorescence

25. Anatomical + Molecular PET/CT SPECT/CT PET/MRI FMT/MRI FMT/CT = Hybrid imaging

26. Physiological Imaging = Functional Imaging - visualizing cardiac contraction - Imaging blood perfusion -...

27. Planar and Tomographic Imaging Planar = 2D projection Tomographic = 3D volume

28. Planar and Tomographic Imaging Gamma Camera

29. Planar and Tomographic Imaging Planar = 2D projection Anterior and posterior view of a planar bone scintigraphy

30. Planar and Tomographic Imaging Tomographic = 3D volume

31. Static and Dynamic Imaging Static image= 1 time interval Dynamic image = multiple time intervals

32. Static and Dynamic Imaging Static image = 1 time interval Static image of a radiolabeled antibody between 1- 10 s after intravenous injection in a rat

33. Static and Dynamic Imaging Dynamic image = multiple time intervals Dynamic image of a radiolabeled antibody between 1second and 10 min after intravenous injection in a rat. Every frame is 10 seconds

34. Special case of dynamic: Gated Image Gated image = images are synchronized with cardiac contraction or respiration

35. Special case of dynamic: Gated Image Gated image = images are synchronized with cardiac contraction or respiration

36. Static and Dynamic Imaging Different combinations are possible: Static planar image Dynamic planar image Static tomographic image Dynamic tomographic image

37. Slicing and orientation

38. Transverse Sagittal Coronal R R A A L L

39. Slicing and orientation Orientation: we look from the feet to the head R L

40. Slicing and orientation Orientation: we look from the feet to the head R L

41. Slicing and orientation Orientation: we look from the feet to the head R L

42. Slicing and orientation Orientation: we look from the feet to the head R L

43. Slicing and orientation Orientation: we look from the feet to the head R L

44. Slicing and orientation Orientation: we look from the feet to the head R L

45. Slicing and orientation Orientation: we look from the feet to the head R L

46. End of part 1