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PLANT NOTES Part 1 Plant Diversity  Plants are members of the Kingdom ______.  They are classified as eukaryotic organisms that have cell walls made.

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Presentation on theme: "PLANT NOTES Part 1 Plant Diversity  Plants are members of the Kingdom ______.  They are classified as eukaryotic organisms that have cell walls made."— Presentation transcript:

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2 PLANT NOTES Part 1

3 Plant Diversity  Plants are members of the Kingdom ______.  They are classified as eukaryotic organisms that have cell walls made of cellulose & carry out photosynthesis using the green pigment ______.

4 Plant Diversity  Plants are members of the Kingdom Plantae.  They are classified as eukaryotic organisms that have cell walls made of cellulose & carry out photosynthesis using the green pigment ______.

5 Plant Diversity  Plants are members of the Kingdom Plantae.  They are classified as eukaryotic organisms that have cell walls made of cellulose & carry out photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll.

6 Plant Diversity  Members of Kingdom Plantae include trees, shrubs, grasses, mosses & ferns.  Most plants are autotrophic, however there are a few ______ that live on & feed off of decaying matter.

7 Plant Diversity  Members of Kingdom Plantae include trees, shrubs, grasses, mosses & ferns.  Most plants are autotrophic, however there are a few parasites that live on & feed off of decaying matter.

8 What Plants Need to Survive  ______ – they use energy from the sun to carry out photosynthesis.  ______ & minerals – are necessary for plants to perform photosynthesis and are absorbed from the soil.

9 What Plants Need to Survive  Sunlight – they use energy from the sun to carry out photosynthesis.  ______ & minerals – are necessary for plants to perform photosynthesis and are absorbed from the soil.

10 What Plants Need to Survive  Sunlight – they use energy from the sun to carry out photosynthesis.  Water & minerals – are necessary for plants to perform photosynthesis and are absorbed from the soil.

11 What Plants Need to Survive  ______ exchange – plants require oxygen to support cellular respiration and carbon dioxide to carry out photosynthesis.  Movement of water & ______ – plants take in water & nutrients from the soil through their roots to the rest of the plant.

12 What Plants Need to Survive  Gas exchange – plants require oxygen to support cellular respiration and carbon dioxide to carry out photosynthesis.  Movement of water & ______ – plants take in water & nutrients from the soil through their roots to the rest of the plant.

13 What Plants Need to Survive  Gas exchange – plants require oxygen to support cellular respiration and carbon dioxide to carry out photosynthesis.  Movement of water & nutrients – plants take in water & nutrients from the soil through their roots to the rest of the plant.

14 The Origin of Plants  When plants first appeared on Earth, they changed its’ existence.  With the emergence of plants, new ecosystems appeared and organic matter began to form ___.

15 The Origin of Plants  When plants first appeared on Earth, they changed its’ existence.  With the emergence of plants, new ecosystems appeared and organic matter began to form soil.

16 The Origin of Plants  Plants had to evolve structures that allowed them to acquire, transport and conserve water in order to successfully exist in their new habitat.  Most scientists agree that the first plants evolved from an organism that is similar to green _____, which you should recall is a plant-like protist.

17 The Origin of Plants  Plants had to evolve structures that allowed them to acquire, transport and conserve water in order to successfully exist in their new habitat.  Most scientists agree that the first plants evolved from an organism that is similar to green algae, which you should recall is a plant-like protist.

18 Plant Diversity BRYOPHYTES:  Include ______ plants such as mosses, liverworts and hornworts.  These are classified as nonvascular & are found in moist, shaded areas.

19 Plant Diversity BRYOPHYTES:  Include low- growing plants such as mosses, liverworts and hornworts.  These are classified as nonvascular & are found in moist, shaded areas.

20 Bryophytes  Bryophytes depend on _____ for reproduction, as most of them produce sperm that must swim through water to reach eggs.  Mosses (from Phylum Bryophyta) are the most common bryophytes, which grow most abundantly in areas with water like swamps, _____, near streams and in rain forests.

21 Bryophytes  Bryophytes depend on water for reproduction, as most of them produce sperm that must swim through water to reach eggs.  Mosses (from Phylum Bryophyta) are the most common bryophytes, which grow most abundantly in areas with water like swamps, _____, near streams and in rain forests.

22 Bryophytes  Bryophytes depend on water for reproduction, as most of them produce sperm that must swim through water to reach eggs.  Mosses (from Phylum Bryophyta) are the most common bryophytes, which grow most abundantly in areas with water like swamps, bogs, near streams and in rain forests.

23 Bryophytes  Because they aren’t vascular, mosses don’t have true roots. Instead they have _______, which are long, thin cells that anchor them into the ground and absorb water & minerals.

24 Bryophytes  Because they aren’t vascular, mosses don’t have true roots. Instead they have rhizoids, which are long, thin cells that anchor them into the ground and absorb water & minerals.

25 Bryophytes  Humans use a particular moss from the genus Sphagnum, which we commonly call ____ moss.  When it dries it can be cut from the ground and burned, or it can be used in gardening due to its’ sponge-like ability to hold water.

26 Bryophytes  Humans use a particular moss from the genus Sphagnum, which we commonly call peat moss.  When it dries it can be cut from the ground and burned, or it can be used in gardening due to its’ sponge-like ability to hold water.

27 Seedless Vascular Plants  Vascular plants have a specialized __________ system with vascular tissue for conducting water & nutrients.  Vascular plants contain a xylem layer (which transports water) and a phloem layer (which transports food like nutrients & carbohydrates).

28 Seedless Vascular Plants  Vascular plants have a specialized transport system with vascular tissue for conducting water & nutrients.  Vascular plants contain a xylem layer (which transports water) and a phloem layer (which transports food like nutrients & carbohydrates).

29 Vascular Tissues

30 Seedless Vascular Plants  Both xylem & phloem can move fluids through the plant body.  All vascular plants have _____, stems & leaves.  Seedless vascular plants include club mosses, horsetails & _____.

31 Seedless Vascular Plants  Both xylem & phloem can move fluids through the plant body.  All vascular plants have roots, stems & leaves.  Seedless vascular plants include club mosses, horsetails & _____.

32 Seedless Vascular Plants  Both xylem & phloem can move fluids through the plant body.  All vascular plants have roots, stems & leaves.  Seedless vascular plants include club mosses, horsetails & ferns.

33 Seed Plants  Plants that have the ability to form seeds are the most dominant group of photosynthetic organisms on land.  The seed plants are divided into 2 groups: ____________ (cone-bearing plants) ____________ (flowering plants)

34 Seed Plants  Plants that have the ability to form seeds are the most dominant group of photosynthetic organisms on land.  The seed plants are divided into 2 groups: Gymnosperms (cone-bearing plants) ___________ (flowering plants)

35 Seed Plants  Plants that have the ability to form seeds are the most dominant group of photosynthetic organisms on land.  The seed plants are divided into 2 groups: Gymnosperms (cone-bearing plants) Angiosperms (flowering plants)

36 Seed Plants  One reason that seed plants became so successful is because they don’t require water for the fertilization of their gametes.  Because of this, seed plants can live just about anywhere.

37 Seed Plant Adaptations  Some adaptations that allow seed plants to reproduce without water include having flowers or cones, the ability to transfer sperm by ___________ and the protection of embryos encased in _____.  Cones are the seed-bearing structures in gymnosperms, while flowers are the seed- bearing structures in angiosperms. GymnospermAngiosperm

38 Seed Plant Adaptations  Some adaptations that allow seed plants to reproduce without water include having flowers or cones, the ability to transfer sperm by pollination and the protection of embryos encased in ______.  Cones are the seed-bearing structures in gymnosperms, while flowers are the seed- bearing structures in angiosperms. GymnospermAngiosperm

39 Seed Plant Adaptations  Some adaptations that allow seed plants to reproduce without water include having flowers or cones, the ability to transfer sperm by pollination and the protection of embryos encased in seeds.  Cones are the seed-bearing structures in gymnosperms, while flowers are the seed- bearing structures in angiosperms. GymnospermAngiosperm

40 Seed Plant Adaptations  In seed plants, the entire male gamete is contained in a tiny structure called a pollen grain, which is carried to the female parts of the flower by wind, insects or small animals for pollination.

41 Seed Plant Adaptations  A seed is an embryo of a plant encased in a protective covering & surrounded by a food supply.  After fertilization, the zygote becomes an embryo & eventually a plant.

42 Read chapter 23 and be ready to take Quiz chapter 23 next class


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