1. Prof. Neil Gershenfeld Director http://cba.mit.edu/~neilg NSF CCR-0122419

2. Bits and Atoms: Grand Challenges it from bit: how can functional description be embodied in physical form? bit from it: how can functional description be abstracted from physical form? statistical-mechanical engineering quantum-mechanical engineering analog logic silicon biology RF biology computational assembly personal fabrication programmable design

3. ThresholdsThresholds noise errors 1948: Communications (Shannon) 1963: Computation (Winograd, von Neumann) ~2003: Fabrication (Jacobson, Knight, …)

4. RF Biology Remote Electronic Control of DNA Hybridization Through Inductive Coupling to an Attached Metal Nanocrystal Antenna, K. Hamad-Schifferli, J.J. Schwartz, A.T. Santos, S.G. Zhang, and J.M. Jacobson, Nature (415) pp. 152-155, 2002

5. Microencapsulated Electropheresis B. Comiskey, J.D. Albert, H. Yoshizawa and J. Jacobson An Electrophoretic Ink for All-Printed Reflective Electronic Displays Nature (394), 253-5 (1998)

6. NanotecticsNanotectics Brent Ridley, Babak Nivi, and Joseph Jacobson, All-Inorganic Field Effect Transistors Fabricated by Printing, Science (286) 746, 1999

7. Printed Memory (Brian Hubert)

8. 3D Inkjet Printing (Joe Jacobson)

9. Printed Electro-Mechanical Systems MEMS ($1B, 1  ) vs PEMS ($1k, 1mm)

10. nm mm μmμm inout FabricationFabrication m

11. Making Anything

12. How To Make (almost) Anything How To Make Something That Makes (almost) Anything

13. ScreamBodyScreamBody (Kelly Dobson)

14. Interpet Explorer (Irene Pepperberg, Ben Resner)

15. Personal Toy Fabrication

16. The Liberal Arts The Trivium Grammar Rhetoric Logic The Quadrivium Arithmetic Geometry Music Astronomy Liberation, Mastery Literacy

17. CBA Fab Labs (Computer Clubhouses, Congress, National Academies, World Bank, …) fabrication, instrumentation divides Boston Costa Rica PCB fab 3D scan/mill analytical instrumentation modular electronics India Norway space (  m), time (  s)

18. Fab Lab Processes Precision machining –PCBs –3D output NC cutting –flex circuits –antennas –interconnect –masks Instrumentation –optical spectroscopy –microscopy –metrology –3D scanning Instrumentation Development –Towers –Internet 0 –microcontroller programming

19. Diesel Timing (Kalbag, Ike Chuang, Amy Sun, Anil Bahuman)

20. Appropriate Optical Spectroscopy (Caroline McEnnis, Jason Taylor, Debu Goswami)

21. The Tower microcontroller A/D high-speed A/D keyboard camera SRAM (Bakhtiar Mikhak, Chris Lyon) NC mill oscilloscope Net computer … FLASH DC motor servo motor solenoid LEDs LCD MIDI audio RS-232 RS-485 Tower bus I2C USART USB ethernet 802.11b protoboard clock

22. Internet 0 power analog I/O programming control serial IP to leaf nodes bit size > net size shared analog modulation peers don’t need servers physical programming implement function, not spec open standards (Raffi Krikorian, Sun, …) ethernet $1-10 1-10kB RS-485, IR, ultrasound, powerline, …

23. Commodity Incremental Infrastructure BAWUG, OpenAP, mesh routing $1-200/hop

24. Electronic Shepherd (Haakon Karlson, Solvik Gård, Telenor)

25. LynLyn

26. DebuggingDebugging (Delhi Clubhouse, Mitch Resnick)

27. SadbhavanaSadbhavana (Lt. Gen. Arjun Ray, ret.)

28. To Follow Up http://cba.mit.edu/~neilg Cambridge Series on Information and the Natural Sciences Henry Holt and Company gersh@cba.mit.edu