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Section 5.4 Minerals and Mineral Groups The two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust ….. The 2 most abundant minerals in Earth’s crust….. Silicon &

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Presentation on theme: "Section 5.4 Minerals and Mineral Groups The two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust ….. The 2 most abundant minerals in Earth’s crust….. Silicon &"— Presentation transcript:

1 Section 5.4 Minerals and Mineral Groups The two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust ….. The 2 most abundant minerals in Earth’s crust….. Silicon & oxygen Quartz & Feldspar

2 2 major Silicates… Quartz… Feldspar Made up of silicon and oxygen Hardest COMMON mineral Smokey, rose, milky, amethyst Worn as a gemstone Can be orthoclase (pink) or plagioclase (grey)

3 Other silicates… Pyroxene MicaMuscovite (white) and biotite (black) Best cleaving ability!

4 Carbonates…. Calcite Bonded with -CO 3 Calcium carbonate CaCO 3 Has birefringence (double refraction) Reacts to HCl Will phosphoresce

5 Carbonates con’t. DolomiteCaMg(CO 3 ) 2 Is found in limestone

6 Oxides Hematite Magnetite A metal element bonded to oxygen Iron Oxide Used in jewelry Black iron oxide Magnetic!

7 Sulfides Pyrite A metal bonded to Sulfur Iron sulfide Fool’s Gold!

8 Others… HaliteSalty to the taste

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