2. Rocks and Minerals The Rock Cycle

3. Minerals A mineral is a naturally occurring solid that has definite composition and structure Scientists use physical properties to identify minerals

4. Physical Properties of Minerals Color Luster Hardness Streak Cleavage Magnetism Odor Taste

5. Minerals

6. Properties of Minerals Color - not always reliable. The color can vary among different samples Luster - the way a mineral reflects light –Metallic –Nonmetallic

7. More Properties of Minerals Cleavage - the way in which a mineral breaks Hardness - the ability of a mineral to resist being scratched –Mohs’ Hardness Scale 1-10 Diamond is the hardest mineral (10)

8. More Properties of Minerals Streak - the color of powder when it is rubbed against a ceramic tile Magnetism - Magnetite is magnetic Odor Sulfur is mineral that smells like rotten eggs Taste- Halite is a mineral that tastes like salt

9. The Importance of Minerals

10. 3 Types of Rocks Metamorphic - formed when tremendous heat and pressure change existing rock Igneous - formed when hot liquid magma exits through a volcano Sedimentary - formed when sediments are compacted and cemented together

11. Sedimentary Rocks

12. Igneous Rocks

13. Metamorphic Rocks

14. The Rock Cycle