1. Ultra-Broadband Next-Generation Access Networks Dres. Klaus Grobe + Jörg-Peter Elbers, TNC2009, Málaga, June 2009

2. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 2 Agenda  Broadband Access and Energy Efficiency  NRENs with broadband Access  WDM-PON vs. P2P vs. Next-Gen GPON

3. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 3 Broadband Access and Energy Efficiency

4. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 4 Applications and Requirements  Applications  Broadband access to (campus, university) sites (N x GbE, 10GbE, 40GbE)  Ultra-broadband connection between certain (DC) sites (N x 10/40/100GbE)  Application-specific requirements  Support respective ultra-high bit-rate protocols (10/40/100GbE, InfiniBand, FC)  Dedicated (high, guaranteed), secure bandwidths  Infrastructure requirements (in order to reduce energy consumption)  High maximum reach (up to 100+ km)  High per-client bit rates for respective number of clients  Keep it as simple and passive as possible  Optimized access network has high impact. Potentially, it allows to:  Eliminate sites incl. HVAC, or reduce complexity of sites  Eliminate / consolidate / integrate aggregation layers  Concentrate core L2/L3 functionality in fewer sites

5. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 5 As power demand grows, so does price, creating a double hit… Energy Prices Source: eia – Energy Information Administration, www.eia.doe.gov Average Price of Electricity to US Industrial Customers Source: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page ?_pageid=1996,45323734&_dad=portal&_sch ema=PORTAL&screen=welcomeref&open=/&p roduct=Yearlies_new_environment_energy&d epth=4 Average Price of Electricity to EU Industrial Customers 33% 4 20002001200220032004200520062007 Cost [Cent/kWh] 5 6 7 10 20002001200220032004200520062007 Cost [Cent/kWh] 32% 2 4 6 8

6. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 6 Source: G. Epps, Cisco, 2007 Buffers, 5% IP look-up and forwarding engine, 32% Power / Heat management, 35% I/O, 7% Control Plane, 11% Switch fabric, 10%  Power driver : IP look-up/forwarding engine  Always huge overhead for HVAC (Heat, Ventilation Air Conditioning)  I/O – optical transport: lower in power consumption than switch fabric, and much lower than IP engine  Replace L3 by L2 – and L2 by optical transport where possible  Concentrate in high-density routers/switches (data centers)  Use wired – optical – access incl. point-to-multipoint solutions (PON)  Replace L3 by L2 – and L2 by optical transport where possible  Concentrate in high-density routers/switches (data centers)  Use wired – optical – access incl. point-to-multipoint solutions (PON) Placing OSI Layers wisely

7. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 7 NRENs with broadband Access

8. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 8 Generic NREN DC Large, dispersed Metro Campus, or Cluster of Campuses DC Core (Backbone) Router Large Data Center Layer-2 Switch OXC / ROADM Connection to Backbone (NREN) Dedicated (P2P) Connection to large Data Centers P2MP (WDM-PON) Connection within large Campuses, or to smaller Campuses Redundancy

9. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 9 Flexible WDM-PON Options Variable Bandwidth Assignment ONU RN OLT 1U/D 3U/D nU/D Ring Access (Protection) ONU RN OLT Dual Homing (Protection) ONU OLT RN ONU Layer-0 active (Amplification) ONU RN OLT 2U/D OLT - Optical Line Termination, ONU – Optical Network Unit, RN – Remote Node

10. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 10 DC Broadband NREN Access – WDM-PON  Supports any bandwidth per wavelength – up to 100 Gb/s per lambda  Potentially, supports multiple wavelengths per client site  Can be complemented with protection, amplification, OAM (demarcation), and active integrated Ethernet PoP Flexible Remote Nodes WDM ONU FRN WDM OLT L2 ONU NREN Backbone OLT - Optical Line Termination, ONU – Optical Network Unit ONU

11. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 11 Integrated Ethernet / WDM-PON ONU Remote Node (FRN) OLT / PoP... I/F L2 Switch Card WDM Mux/DMX 1+1/1:1 Switch WDM WDM Passive Coupler WDM Mux/DMX Work Protect WDM WDM... WDM Common O+E Controller EFM/VLAN I/F L2-WDM Switch Blade: Aggregation (incl. oversubscription) into 10GbE, Ethernet OAM, incl. Management channel (EFM), Possibly integrated EPON Optical Line Switch OLT-PN: Alternative: Ethernet E2E protection Common O+E Controller: Integrated management, provisioning, monitoring, Same Control Plane, single DCN WDM: Direct core interworking, Scalability Ethernet/WDM ONU / CPE: Demarcation, OAM A A WDM Amplification: Reach extension

12. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 12 WDM-PON vs. P2P vs. Next-Generation GPON

13. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 13 Point-to-Multipoint (P2MP) Access +Scalable and transparent bandwidth per customer +Highest security/availability due to physical/logical separation of customer links – High fiber count in access network (i.e., high OPEX) – High space and power consumption PoP Passive Splitter +Very low fiber count in feeder network part +Low port (interface) number, and space and power consumption in PoP – Limited bandwidth and bandwidth upgrade – Reduced security/availability in case of TDMA – High insertion loss, low max. reach PoP WDM Mux/Demux +Very low fiber count in feeder network part +Scalable and transparent bandwidth per customer +High security/availability due to optical/logical separation of customer links – High port number in PoP equipment Active P2MP Splitter PON WDM-PON

14. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 14 NG-GPON vs. WDM-PON  Splitter-based GPON, running at 10 Gb/s downstream (2G5…10G upstream)  DWDM overlay (40/80 channels, 100/50 GHz or C-/C+L-band)  AWG-based WDM-PON, running any bit rate per wavelength  DWDM 40/80 channels (SFW or DFW), more possible  Simple EDFA amplification for high reach FRN OLT GPON OLT 4-BS WDM GPON ONU WDM F F 2-BS SOA DWDM Flexible Remote Node OLT GbE CPE 10GbE FRN AWGAWG EDFA WDM CPE

15. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 15 Power Budgets (WDM-PON, NG-GPON) *) With EDFA-C-S20-GCB **) With EDFA-C-D20-VGC and DCG dispersion compensation UnamplifiedOLT amp*FRN amp** Power budget 32.0 dB 60.0 dB Filter losses12.0 dB6.0 dB12.0 dB Patch cord/connector losses0.9 dB0.6 dB1.2 dB Optical path penalty2.0 dB 3.0 dB System margin1.0 dB Link budget16.1 dB25.8 dB42.8 dB Link loss/km0.3 dB Link length in km53.7 km74.7 km142.7 km OLTFRN CPE OLT FRN CPE OLTFRN CPE OLT FRNCPE G 1:64 FRN Include Blocking Filters GPON unampl. WDM OLT ampl. Power budget33.0 dB36.0 dB Filter and splitter losses22.0 dB27.0 dB Patch cord/connector losses0.9 dB1.2 dB Optical path penalty1.0 dB System margin1.0 dB Link budget8.1 dB5.8 dB Link loss/km0.4 dB0.3 dB Link length in km20.3 km19.3 km 36.0 dB 22.0 dB 0.9 dB 1.0 dB 11.1 dB 0.3 dB 37.0 km WDM unampl. GPON OLT ampl. 37.0 dB 22.0 dB 0.9 dB 1.0 dB 12.1 dB 0.4 dB 30.3 km WDM-PON, DFW NG-GPON 33 dB (10G): +4 dBm…-26 dBm + 3 dB FEC gain, 36 dB (2G5): +4 dBm…-32 dBm

16. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 16 Security / Availability Aspects  NG-GPON  Customers are not independent (coupled via MAC layer)  One faulty ONU may corrupt the entire TDMA PON  WDM overlay also broadcasted via splitter infrastructure  Not acceptable by certain applications  WDM-PON, active P2MP  Physical separation via wavelengths or fibers  No common MAC layer, complete separation of customers  Also: can be easily complemented by optical protection Passive WDM Filter WDM OLT

17. © 2009 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. ADVA confidential. 17 Cost Comparison WDM-PONActive P2MPNG-GPON Equipment CapEx Higher than active P2MP, similar to NG-GPON Potentially, lowestHigher than active P2MP Fibers Lowest fiber cost, supports site reduction due to high maximum reach Higher fiber cost, but potentially high maximum reach Low fiber cost, but limited in maximum reach OpEx Lowest OpEx since application-specific solutions are avoided (also supports P2P WDM). Integrated aggregation, protection, OAM, L2 Eth. Potentially high due to respective number of systems. Systems may also lack OAM and other capabilities. Low for low-medium capacity requirements, but may require dedicated P2P solutions for high-capacity applications. Energy Consumption For any given product Bandwidth  Distance, WDM-PON can minimize energy consumption Typically, higher than WDM-PON, specially when amplified (discrete I/Fs, multiple amplifiers) Only for short distances similar to WDM-PON, otherwise higher

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