1. MSC/VLR HLR/AuC Any Location Location Update (LU) with Authentication (i) SAIN [beg] (ii) SAIN [end] (iii) UpLoc [beg] (iv,1) ISD [cont] (iv,n) ISD [cont] (v) ISD [end] (vi) UpLoc [end] Signaling Legend: SAIN = Send Authentication Information UpLoc = Update Location ISD = Insert Subscriber Data

2. MSC/VLR HLR Any Location Mobile Terminated Call (MTC) (ii) PRN [beg] (i) SRI [beg] Legend: SRI = Send Routing Information PRN = Provide Roaming Number (MSRN) Signaling Traffic GMSC MTC Any Location (iv) SRI [end] (iii) PRN [end] ISUP call

3. SMSC Any Location Mobile Originated and Terminated SMS (SMS-MO and SMS-MT) (iv) SRI for SM [beg] (ii) MOFS [beg] Legend: SMS-MO = Short Message Service – Mobile Originated MOFS = Mobile Originated – Forward Short Message SRI for SM = Send Routing Information for Short Message MTFS = Mobile Terminated – Forward Short Message SMS-MT = Short Message Service – Mobile Terminated Signaling (i) SMS-MO Any Location (vi) MTFS [beg] MSC/VLR HLR (v) SRI for SM [end] (iii) MOFS [end] (viii) MTFS [end] (iii’) SMS-MO [ack] (vii) SMS-MT (vii’) SMS-MT [ack] A B

4. MSC/VLR Any Location Supplementary Service (SS) Activation Example: CFU (*21*) (i) SAIN [beg] (ii) SAIN [end] (v,1) ISD [cont] (v,n) ISD [cont] (iii) RSS [beg] (vii) RSS [end] Signaling Legend: SAIN = Send Authentication Information RSS = Register Supplementary Service DSD = Delete Subscriber Data ISD = Insert Subscriber Data SDM = Subscriber Data Management *21*… (iv) DSD [cont] (vi) SDM [end] HLR/AuC

5. MSC/VLR Any Location Supplementary Service (SS) Deactivation Example: CFU (#21#) (i) SAIN [beg] (ii) SAIN [end] (v,1) ISD [cont] (v,n) ISD [cont] (iii) DSS [beg] Signaling Legend: SAIN = Send Authentication Information DSS = Deactivate Supplementary Service ISD = Insert Subscriber Data #21# (iv) DSS [end] (vi) ISD [end] HLR/AuC