1. Green telecommunications for sustainable networks & the GreenTouch Consortium Jean-Pierre Hamaide, Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Labs Réunion IREST – Thème « La contribution des TIC au développement durable » Paris, 17 Juin 2010

2. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 2 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 The need for digital transport is growing exponentially Information is of little use if you have to keep it to yourself  Humans have a desire to interact (Cell phones, YouTube, …)  Requires huge transport capacities (especially for real time app’s) Computers also want to talk:  1 Flop triggers ~1 Byte/s of transport  Coupled with exponential growth in computing power Telepresence Traffic Projections (North America)Collect data from: RHK, McKinsey-JPMorgan, AT&T, MINTS, Arbor

3. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 3 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 Trends in Telecommunications Research Slowdown in Technology  We are seeing slowdown in some technologies that we have relied on.  The reduction in dynamic dissipation of silicon with reduction in feature size is slowing.  Capacity of single rack IP routers due to thermal density is saturating  Capacity of a single fiber transmission system saturating

4. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 4 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 Trends in Telecommunications Research Approaching the Shannon limit 0510152025303540 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SNR (dB) Spectral efficiency (bits/s/Hz) Distance = 500 km Shannon-bound Optical Transport Copper Access 100 180 100020003000 Downsteam Rate (Mbps) Line Length (meters) 4000 140 60 20 5 Crosstalkers 24 Crosstalkers Shannon bound 2 4 -5+5+15 Peak Data Efficiency (bps/Hz) Signal-to-Noise Ratio (dB) WAN wireless technologies Shannon-bound Infeasible Region EV-DO 802.16 HSDPA

5. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 5 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 Trends in Telecommunications Research Power distribution vs. functionality Router: 12 mW/Mb/s, 12 nJ/bit Switch: 2-8 mW/Mb/s ROADM: < 2 mW/Mb/s Core network equipment efficiency Oliver Tamm, et. al., BLTJ 2010 “Today, telecom equipment consume 1-2% of electricity production” Need to have a GREEN TECHNOLOGIES-like way of thinking Need to have a global trans-layer approach

6. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 6 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 Energy consumption forecast Achieving the Potential ; Is this the best we can do? 201220162020 (Watts / User) Major Applications 2008 Current Potential Observed Trend 10 100 10.1 20 Watts Operates ~3kT/q (mV) Analog, parallel 300 kWatts Operates ~1 V Digital, serial

7. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 7 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010  Silicon-based Switching (No assumption about unknown technology)  100% Fiber  No Redundancy (QoS)  100% Mesh  Power used Only when Needed Assume Energy consumption forecast Is this the best we can do? 201220162020 (Watts / User) Major Applications 2008 Fundamental Limit? NO … But there is an Effective Technological Limit Current Potential Observed Trend 10 100 10.1

8. Green Touch™ Initiative: A Five Year Quest to Achieve Sustainable Networking 3 www.greentouch.org

9. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 9 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 Thinking Differently About Networks Brilliant Minds … Leading Experts Optimized for energy Holistic Approach Multi-Discipline Equivalent Performance Circuit Design Network Architectures Advanced Coding Protocols Transport

10. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 10 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 GreenTouch TM Draw on expertise across the industry and around the world Open invitation to the entire industry Founding members are experts from world’s top institutions and operators Demonstrate technologies in 5 years that lead to a 1,000-fold energy efficiency increase

11. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 11 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s (MIT) Research Laboratory for Electronics (RLE) Stanford University’s Wireless Systems Lab (WSL) University of Melbourne’s Institute for a Broadband-Enabled Society (IBES) Telefonica Swisscom China Mobile AT&T Portugal Telecom imec CEA-LETI Applied Research Institute for Microelectronics The French National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control (INRIA) Foundation Communications Mobile Freescale Semiconductor Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Huawei France Telecom Bell Labs 17 Founding Members Circuit Design Network Architectures Advanced Coding Protocols Transport

12. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 12 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 Just To Recap Eco-sustainability is CRUCIAL for ICT The industry just doesn’t have a current solution Bell Labs’ research confirms that there is a tremendous opportunity We’re bringing together the right people from the right institutions from across the world to realize it

13. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010 13 | Green Telecommunications | June 2010 Merci