1. APPLE Curriculum: Fundamental Principles of Medical Education Academy of Master Educators Committee on Teaching Residents to Teach

2. APPLE: Fundamental Principles  Introductions  Warm-up activity Name the best teacher you’ve had (any level) Name the best teacher you’ve had (any level) What was it about them that was so good? What was it about them that was so good? Write it on an index card Write it on an index card

3. APPLE: Fundamental Principles Learning objectives:  Appreciate the resident’s role as teacher  Outline key adult learning principles  Be able to assess basic learner needs

4. APPLE: Resident Role as Teacher I don’t know anything. What in the world could I teach? How can I teach when I’m still learning?

5. APPLE: Resident Role as Teacher You WILL…  50-75% of MS teaching done by Rs/Fs You HAVE to…  ACGME requirement, reality on wards You BENEFIT from it…  Teacher/learner dual role

6. What To Teach?  K: Knowledge (facts)  S: Skills (assessment, exam, procedures)  A: Attitudes (empathy)  B: Behaviors (professionalism)

7. Things you can do even if you don’t know too much…  Set a positive climate for learning (be enthusiastic!!!)  Clarify learner goals  Balance intellectual/emotional learning  Share feelings/thoughts with the learners (without dominating)

8. Things you can do even if you don’t know too much…  Motivate learners (get them involved!)  Model life-long learning (be a role model)  Organize and make available resources  Take responsibility for their learning

9. Things you can do even if you don’t know too much…  Model professionalism…  Your role as a role model…

10. APPLE: Resident Role as Teacher  Video #1

11. APPLE: Resident Role as Teacher Who do I teach?  Patients  Families  Students  Other trainees  Staff  Each other

12. APPLE: Resident Role as Teacher  Video #2

13. APPLE: Resident Role as Teacher Department-specific teaching roles and opportunities…

14. APPLE: Adult Learning How do adults want to learn?  Relevant, goal-oriented, practical  Problem-centered, experience-oriented  Safe, respectful  Active, autonomous, self-directed  Building on past experiences/foundations  With feedback

15. APPLE: Adult Learning 4 primary elements of adult learning:  Motivation  Reinforcement  Retention  Transference

16. APPLE: Adult Learning What motivates adult learners?  Social relationships  External expectations  Social welfare  Personal advancement  Escape/stimulation  Cognitive interest

17. APPLE: Adult Learning What holds adult learners back?  Competing responsibilities (time, money)  Lack of self-confidence  Real-world issues (transportation, family)  Amotivation

18. APPLE: Adult Learning  Reinforcement correct mistakes, maintain appropriate behavior/knowledge correct mistakes, maintain appropriate behavior/knowledge  Retention meaning/purpose, interpret/apply, practice! meaning/purpose, interpret/apply, practice!  Transference use info in new settings use info in new settings

19. APPLE: Fundamental Principles Videos #3 and #4: examples of good/bad teaching Scrubs, My Fair Lady, Sound of Music, School of Rock, Dead Poets Society, etc.

20. APPLE: Assessing learner needs “We teach what we know, not always what they need to know.”  Learner goals  Learner level  Learning style

21. APPLE: Assessing learner needs Learner goals:  What does the learner want to get out of the experience?

22. APPLE: Assessing learner needs Learner level: RIME  Reporter  Interpreter  Manager  Educator

23. APPLE: Assessing learner needs Learning styles  Take the survey!

24. APPLE: Assessing learner needs Learning styles  Mixed learning styles in groups  Matching by individual may or may not help, and will be hard to do  Auditory, visual, kinesthetic

25. APPLE: Assessing learner needs Activity: How might this work in your setting?

26. APPLE: Fundamental Principles Conclusions:  Residents have a crucial and potentially rewarding role in teaching  Adult learners need safe environments, active learning with feedback, and relevance to past/future  Assess learner goals, level, and style to maximize teaching benefit