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Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Atmospheric CO 2 decrease led to Greenland glaciation in the Late Pliocene D.J. Lunt, G.L. Foster, A.M. Haywood, E.J. Stone Motivation.

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Presentation on theme: "Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Atmospheric CO 2 decrease led to Greenland glaciation in the Late Pliocene D.J. Lunt, G.L. Foster, A.M. Haywood, E.J. Stone Motivation."— Presentation transcript:

1 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Atmospheric CO 2 decrease led to Greenland glaciation in the Late Pliocene D.J. Lunt, G.L. Foster, A.M. Haywood, E.J. Stone Motivation Experimental Design Results Conclusions Future Work / Implications

2 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? Zachos et al, Nature, 2001

3 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Tectonic Uplift (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations

4 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Tectonic Uplift (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations Ruddiman, p163

5 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Tectonic Uplift (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations Bartoli et al, 2005

6 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Tectonic Uplift (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations

7 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Tectonic Uplift (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations Ruddiman and Kutzbach, 1989

8 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Tectonic Uplift (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations Japsen and Chalmers, 2000 Parrish et al, 2007

9 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Tectonic Uplift (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations

10 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations Molnar and Cane, 2002

11 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations e.g. Wara et al, 2005

12 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations

13 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations

14 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations Raymo et al, 1996 380ppmv mean, 425ppmv max

15 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations 400ppmv to 280ppmv

16 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Spinup of GCM simulations…

17 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 PanamaENSORockiesCO 2 Temp Precip GCM results…

18 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Ice sheet model results…

19 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Ice sheet model results…

20 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Ice sheet model results…

21 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Ice sheet model results…

22 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Ice sheet model results…

23 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations From Berger and Loutre, 1991 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses

24 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations Maslin et al, 1998 The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses

25 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 (1) Closure of Panama Seaway (2) Uplift of Rockies (3) Termination of Permanent El Nino (4) Decrease in CO 2 (5) Oribital variations The Causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation? 5 main hypotheses

26 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Ice sheet model results…(2) Extent of cold orbit ice sheet

27 Lunt et al., EGU 2008 Conclusions Future Work / Implications Enhancement of Greenland glaciation in the late Pliocene driven by decrease in atmospheric CO 2 Greenland ice sheet waxed and waned on orbital timescales prior to 3 Ma. ENSO and tectonic forcing factors, with or without orbital trigger, did not play an important role in Greenland glaciation. Improvement of CO 2 records of the pre-ice core era. Improvement of IRD records in North Atlantic (including provenance). Need for transient model simulations (using fully coupled Earth System Models). Strong dependence on CO 2 has obvious implications for future ice sheet stability.

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