2. Vietnam to 1954 Vietnam

3. Vietnamese History Vietnam has a long history of "nationalist” struggle. Between 1000 (AD) and 1800 power was held by various families. Civil war was common.

4. Europeans arrived in the 1600s. n French Catholic missionaries stayed and converted thousands. n Vietnamese society takes on new divisions.

5. France Takes Over n In 1858 Napoleon III sent a fleet. n Over the next two decades the French take over. n Anti-French revolts occur from the beginning of French rule.

6. French Indochina n The countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia were together called "French Indochina"

7. Divide and Conquer n The French divided Vietnam into three sections: each was ruled in different ways. n Some Vietnamese flourish under French rule.

8. Vietnamese Nationalism n Nationalists desire freedom from colonial rule. n In 1930 the Indochinese Communist Party is united by Ho Chi Minh.

9. WWII & Vietnam n 1941: Japan occupied Vietnam. n French citizens forced to cooperate with the Japanese.

10. Also in 1941 n 1941: Vietnamese Independence League established. n Also known as the Viet Minh. n The leader is Ho Chi Minh.

11. Japan loses WWII n The Viet Minh proclaim Vietnamese independence in Hanoi on 9/2/45.

12. The French Return n After the end of the war France returned to the south and established a government under pro-French leader, Bao Dai.

13. See No Evil... n At first the U.S. ignored the French attempt to re-establish a colony. ( ) n At first the U.S. ignored the French attempt to re-establish a colony. (Despite anti-colonialist spirit after WWII)

14. French & Indo-China War 1946-1954 n Vietnamese fight for independence from the French.

15. Vietnamese Nationalism n The Viet Minh becomes the major component in the struggle against the French.

16. The US Aids France n By 1950 the United States was not only supporting the French war, it was paying for the war n By 1954 the U.S. is paying 80% of the war’s costs.

17. The question is… WHY??? Why did Truman support the French?

18. Dien Bien Phu & After n The French (and the Vietnamese fighting for the French Union) lost in 1954 at the battle of Dien Bien Phu. n The Peace Conference is held in Geneva between April 26, 1954 and July 21, 1954.

19. The Geneva Accords n The United States refuses to accept the call for a free election in Vietnam. n Instead America imagines a set of dominoes.