1. Chapter 27 AMERICANS IN WORLD WAR II
The American Nation
4/23/2017
Chapter 27 AMERICANS IN WORLD WAR II
Section 1: Early Difficulties
Section 2: The Home Front
Section 3: Victory in Europe
Section 4: Victory in Asia
CHAPTER 27--AMERICANS IN WORLD WAR II

2. Objectives: Section 1: Early Difficulties
What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Allied Powers and Axis Powers in 1941?
What steps did the United States take to prepare for war?
Where did the Japanese military attack after Pearl Harbor?
What were the early turning points of the war in the Pacific?
What were the major battles in Europe and North Africa in 1942?

3. SECTION 1
Early Difficulties
Question:
What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Allied and Axis Powers?

4. THE ALLIED AND AXIS POWERS–STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
SECTION 1
Early Difficulties
THE ALLIED AND AXIS POWERS–STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
The Allied Powers
advantage: the United States had tremendous production capacity
advantage: the Soviet Union had vast manpower
advantage: Britain and the Soviet Union had not been defeated
disadvantage: faced a long, drawn-out fight on several fronts
disadvantage: enemy held firm control of conquered area spread over an enormous area—both in Europe and the Pacific
The Axis Powers
advantage: better prepared for war
advantage: had firm control over invaded areas
advantage: had been rearmed since the 1930s
advantage: already had airfields, barracks, and military training centers
advantage: economies ready for war
disadvantage: had to defend multiple fronts

5. U.S. preparations for war
Section 1: Early Difficulties
U.S. preparations for war
increased production: agriculture and industry
expanded the government: numbers and authority
began to direct the economy
Equip and feed American Army and assist allies
Public sector economic direction
began to raise the army

6. U.S. preparations for war: continued
Section 1: Early Difficulties
U.S. preparations for war: continued
War Production Board: Direct conversion of civilian industries to serve military
No cars built from
Limits placed on cloth in clothing (pleats and cuffs outlawed)
Office of Price Administration
Scarcity created by war demand for goods could cause inflation
Goods rationed
Gasoline
Sugar
Meat coffee canned goods

7. What is the message of these propaganda posters?

8. U.S. preparations for war: raising an army
Section 1: Early Difficulties
U.S. preparations for war: raising an army
Selective Training and Service Act
2/3 of all soldiers serving were draftees
21-35 (later expanded to 18-45)
Began in summer of 1940 (over a year before Pearl Harbor)
Army needed to grow over 50X to fight the war!

9. American Strategy In World War II
Europe First
Concentrate military resources on European Theatre
Keep Britain in the war- Win Battle of Atlantic
Caution in opening a second front in Europe (North African Campaign begins in November 1942
Stop Japanese offensive
Protect Australia, New Guinea and Pacific perimeter

10. Japanese attacks after Pearl Harbor
Section 1: Early Difficulties
Japanese attacks after Pearl Harbor
Clark Air force Base in the Philippines
(America’s Far-East Fleet)
Burma and Hong Kong
Center’s of British power in the Pacific
the Netherlands East Indies
Oil resources Japan needed
Wake Island

12. The Bataan Death March
Army of 70,000 Americans and Filipinos surrender- Largest surrender of the war
Forced to march without food or water
Those who fell behind or stopped for water were shot
Estimated ,000 did not live to finish the march

13. Japan and prisoners of War
1/3 of all American POWs dies or were killed by Japanese captors
Japanese looked on surrendering troops as sub-human
Japanese did not follow Geneva Convention

14. Early turning points of war in Pacific
Section 1: Early Difficulties
Early turning points of war in Pacific
Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942)
Stopped Japanese advance on Australia
Offset bitterness of losses: Pearl Harbor, Bataan
Battle of Midway
First clear naval victory over Japan
Weakened Japanese force in Pacific
Guadalcanal (August-October 1942)
First offensive in Pacific
Tide turns in Pacific War

16. Major battles of 1942 in Europe and North Africa
Section 1: Early Difficulties
Major battles of 1942 in Europe and North Africa
Battle of El Alamein
British stop German drive to Suez Canal and Mid-East oil
Battle of Stalingrad
Soviets stop German drive to Soviet oil fields-end of German drive against USSR (BARBAROSSA)
Battle of the Atlantic April Keep Britain supplied
America’s first offensive in Europe: Operation Torch November 1942