1. Hematite  Fe2O3  Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Canada  found in volcanic rock and veins  forms near water to form "blueberries" like those found on mars

2. Hematite

3. Hematite “Blueberries” Mars “Blueberries”Earth “Blueberries”

4. Garnet  Si,O combined with Ca, Mg, Fe, and Al  Sri Lanka, South Africa, Virginia, California, and Brazil  Igneous and metamorphic rock. sometimes found in altered rock and metamorphasized limestone  Closely related to silicate minerals and often misclassified as a gem. Precious garnet is often found near diamonds in the "blue earth"

5. Garnet

6. Magnetite  Fe3O4  Colorado  basic igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock  Only black ore that can easily be picked up by a magnet

7. Magnetite

8. Potassium Feldspar  All are aluminum silicates (Al,Si) formed with K, Na, or Ca  North Carolina  found in almost all igneous rocks and rocks created from them  Feldspars are the most abundant minerals in the world, making up 60% of the Earth's crust. they are used mostly for ceramic glazes, flux enamels, and binders

9. Potassium Feldspar

10. Silver  Ag (natural element) is often found in long, twisted, branched clumps and in Ag2S compounds  Western US  Natural Element  Often a valuable bi-product of lead, zinc, and other metal smelting

11. Silver

12. Copper  Cu (natural element) is most often found as a compound then smelted from its ores (CuS, CuFeS, CuO, CuAl, Cu2Co3(OH)2)  Chile, Peru, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa, Russia, and Australia. In the US, the southwest is most abundant  Natural element found most commonly in and near the veins of volcanic rocks. Some compounds can be formed by oxidation of the Cu.  Electrically conductive-often used for electricity.

13. Copper

14. Gold  Au (natural element)  Mostly found in South Africa but some is mined in South Dakota and Nevada (western US)  Natural element found in quartz veins, sometimes found with pyrite. Can also be found in metamorphic rocks and as deposits in sedimentary rocks  Very soft-often alloyed with Cu to make it harder and spread it further in jewelry

15. Gold

16. Project  Grow crystals using “space growth kit”  When crystals are formed, create a piece of wire jewelry to complement your stones  Hypothesize which elements created your gems, and what gems they may be  Discuss hypothesis and results with the class