1. ICCS ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK Civics and Citizenship Framework (Content and Cognitive Domains) National Research Coordinators Meeting Amsterdam, 16 - 19 October 2006

2. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Links to CIVED ICCS C&C framework incorporates the three CIVED domains. CIVED trend items will be included in ICCS. ICCS C&C framework aims to extend CIVED model and increase specificity.

3. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 ICCS C&C Framework Structure The three affective-behavioural domains are: Domain 1: Values Domain 2: Attitudes Domain 3: Behaviours

4. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 ICCS C&C Framework Structure The three cognitive domains are: Domain 1: Knowing Domain 2: Reasoning Domain 3: Analysing

5. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 ICCS C&C Framework Structure The four content domains are: Domain 1: Civic Society and Systems Domain 2: Civic Orientations Domain 3: Civic Practices Domain 4: Civic Identities

6. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 ICCS C&C Framework Structure – Content Domains Sub-domain: This refers to a substantive or contextual component of a domain. The sub-domains have been described where they include sufficient discrete content to warrant individual definition and articulation. Aspect: This refers to specific content that is regarded as being largely situated with a given sub-domain. Key Concept: This refers to conceptual content or process that is common to Sub- domains within a given domain.

7. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Citizens State institutions Civil institutions Sub-domains power/authority rules/law democracy sovereignty nation-building statelessness franchise/voting human rights decision-making/negotiation Key concepts (e.g.) are expressed within governments legislatures responsibilities roles bureaucracies political parties consist of Aspects (e.g.)

8. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 ICCS C&C Framework Structure From concepts to assessment measures (What will be assessed?) Perceptions questionnaire – construct scales –Constructs to be identified in C&C framework Cognitive test - achievement scale(s) –Items to sample the content of the domains in the framework

9. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 1 Civic society and systems Sub-domain: Citizens focuses on the civic relationships between individual and groups of citizens and their societies. Aspects  Roles  Rights  Responsibilities  Community capacity building

10. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Sub-domain: State Institutions are those that are central to the processes and enacting of civic governance and legislation in the common interest of the people they represent and serve. Aspects Parliaments Governments Supranational governance bodies Legislatures Judiciaries and law enforcement bodies Bureaucracies (civil or public services) Electoral commissions. Domain 1 Civic society and systems

11. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 1 Civic society and systems Religious institutions Companies/corporations Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) Cultural/special interest organisations Sub-domain: Civil institutions are those institutions that can mediate citizens’ contact with their state institutions and allow citizens actively to pursue many of their roles in their societies. Aspects Pressure groups The media Schools Trade unions Political parties

12. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 1 Civic society and systems power/authority rules/law constitution governance decision-making negotiation democracy sovereignty nation-building statelessness franchise/voting human rights the economy sustainable development globalisation Key concepts

13. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 1 Civic society and systems What will be assessed? Constructs accessed by the student perceptions questionnaire items in this domain could be related to: Beliefs about the roles of citizens in a democracy Perceptions of the effectiveness of participation Trust in civic systems

14. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 1 Civic society and systems What will be assessed? Some examples of elements that may be accessed by the cognitive test items in this domain are: Knowing the key aspects of democracy Analysing civic policy Reasoning about the attributes and powers of state and civil institutions.

15. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 2 Civic orientations Sub-domain: The orientation towards equity refers to the concept that all people are born equal in dignity and rights and that protecting and promoting this principle is essential to achieving peace, harmony and productivity within and between communities.

16. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 2 Civic orientations Sub-domain: The orientation towards freedom refers to the concept that all people should have freedom of belief, freedom of speech, freedom from fear and freedom from want as articulated in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948. The orientation towards freedom includes the position to the notion that communities have a responsibility to protect actively the freedom of their members and to support the protection of freedom in all communities including those that are not their own.

17. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 2 Civic orientations Sub-domain: The orientation towards social cohesion refers to the concept that social cohesion is an essential element of a community’s social well- being. The orientation towards social cohesion sub-domain accommodates the range of perspectives that individuals’ will have about social cohesion within their own and within other communities.

18. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 2 Civic orientations Concern for the common good Empathy Respect Social justice Inclusiveness Key concepts

19. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 2 Civic orientations What will be assessed? Constructs accessed by the student perceptions questionnaire items in this domain could be related to: Beliefs about the importance of civil rights Attitudes towards immigration Attitudes towards social justice.

20. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 2 Civic orientations What will be assessed? Some examples of elements that may be accessed by the cognitive test items in this domain are: Knowing the key aspects of the common good Analysing the relationship between multiculturalism and inter-cultural tensions Reasoning about the manifestations of freedom in different contexts.

21. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 3 Civic practices Sub-domain: Decision-making refers to active participation that directly results in the implementation of policy or practice regarding the individual’s community or a group within that community. Aspects Engaging in organisational governance Voting

22. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 3 Civic practices Sub-domain: Influencing refers to action aimed at informing and affecting any or all of the policies, practices and attitudes of others or groups of others in the individual’s community. Aspects Engaging in public debate Engaging in public protest Engaging in policy development through a political youth organisation or youth forum Selective purchasing of products according to ethical beliefs about the way they were produced (ethical consumption/ethical consumerism)

23. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 3 Civic practices Sub-domain: Community participation refers to participation with a primary focus on enhancing one’s connections with a community and for ultimate benefit of the community. Aspects Volunteering Participating in religious, cultural and sporting organisations Keeping oneself informed Acting on/responding to reflections on past actions

24. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 3 Civic practices Key Concepts Civic participation Civic self-efficacy Co-operation/ collaboration Negotiation/resolution Engagement

25. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 3 Civic practices What will be assessed? Constructs accessed by the student perceptions questionnaire items in this domain could be related to: Beliefs about the importance of citizenship participation Citizenship self-efficacy Expected political participation Expected social participation as citizens

26. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 3 Civic practices What will be assessed? Some examples of the types of behavioural indicators of active citizenship that will be collected are: Discussions of political or social issues Accessing media information Participating in civic-related organisations in the community Engaging in school-based civic-related activities

27. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 3 Civic practices What will be assessed? Some examples of elements that may be accessed by the cognitive test items in this domain are: Analysing citizens’ motivations for participation in civic action Knowing differing governance options Reasoning about a negotiation process

28. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Sub-domain: Civic self-image refers to the combination of an individual’s beliefs and feelings about their place in each of their civic communities. civics and citizenship values management of multiple civic identities recognition of self related C&C dilemmas, understanding/evaluation of the derivation of dilemmas and of possible personal responses Domain 4 Civic identities

29. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 4 Civic identities Sub-domain: Civic connectedness refers to the individual’s sense of the connection they have to their different civic communities and the different civic roles they play within each community. identity within groups management of diversity of ideas/beliefs within group management of multiple identities and perspectives within and across groups

30. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 4 Civic identities Key concepts Civic self-concept Interdependence Multiplicity Diversity Cultures/ location Patriotism Civic and citizenship values

31. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 4 Civic identities What will be assessed? Constructs accessed by items in the student perceptions questionnaire in this domain could be related to: Attitudes towards the nation Citizenship self-concept Interdependence.

32. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Domain 4 Civic identities What will be assessed? Some examples of elements that may be accessed by the cognitive test items in this domain are: Reasoning about the development of civic identity Analysing the relationships between an individual’s multiple civic identities Analysing the nature and sources of conflict between different cultural values

33. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Content DomainCog.Att- Behav Civic Systems and Citizens Civic Orientations Civic Practices Civic Identities Structural Modifications being Considered AD (V3) From:

34. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Structural Modifications being Considered AD (V3) To: Content DomainCogAtt -Beh State (?) Systems Orientations Practices Identities Civil (far) Systems Orientations Practices Identities Civil (near) Systems Orientations Practices Identities

35. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Structural Modifications being Considered AD (V3) Combining Civic Orientations and Civic Identities to comprise one Domain (Civic foundations/fundamentals)

36. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Substantive Modifications being Considered AD (V3) Name changes –Equity to become Equality –Civic Orientations to Civic Principles OR (depending on restructure) Civic Foundations/Fundamentals –State Institutions to become Supranational(?) and State Institutions Additional concept definition –Add Nationalism as a separate Key Concept to Patriotism

37. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Cognitive domain 1: Knowing Define: Recall or recognise statements that define civic and citizenship concepts and content. Describe: Recall or recognise statements that describe the key characteristics of civic and citizenship concepts and content. Illustrate with examples: Provide or recognise examples that support or clarify statements about civic and citizenship concepts and content.

38. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Cognitive domain 2: Reasoning Interpret information: Make or recognise statements about information presented in textual, graphical or tabular form that make sense of the information in the light of a civic and citizenship concept. Relate: Use the key defining aspects of a civic and citizenship concept to explain or recognise how an example illustrates a concept. Justify: Use evidence and civic and citizenship concepts to construct or recognise a reasoned argument to support a point of view.

39. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Cognitive domain 2: Reasoning Integrate: Make or recognise connections between different concepts across themes and civic and citizenship content domains. Generalise: Provide or recognise civic and citizenship conceptual principles that have been manifest as specific examples and explain how these may apply in other civic and citizenship contexts.

40. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Cognitive domain 3: Analysing Evaluate: Make or recognise judgements about the advantages and disadvantages of alternative points of view or approaches to civic and citizenship concepts and actions. Solve problems: Provide or recognise courses of action or thought that can be used to alleviate civic and citizenship problems that have been expressed as conflict, tension or unresolved or contested ideas. Hypothesise: Make or recognise predictions about the effects and outcomes of civic and citizenship policies, strategies or actions.

41. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Cognitive domain 3: Analysing Reflect: Make or recognise judgements about the outcomes of completed civic actions. Understand civic motivation: Provide or recognise the factors that motivate individuals’ or groups’ civic action. Understand civic change: Identify and explain the factors and processes that lead to change in the substance and structure of civic and citizenship concepts and entities.

42. NRC Meeting Amsterdam 16-19 Oct 2006 Substantive Modifications being Considered CD (V3) Domain 3 – Subsume Reflect into Evaluate Replace reference to ‘provide or recognise’ with ‘identify’ where appropriate.