1. The U.S. at the End of World War I A Fully Mature World Power???? David Lloyd George (England) Georges Clemenceau (France) Woodrow Wilson (U.S.)

2. A few interesting tidbits from text 11.2 to 11.4 –Segregated military (Anyone know our first integrated war? No one ever gets it…) Disagreement between Black leaders about how to react to the war? –Convoy System –In what sense did Americans arrive ‘just in time’? –Victory gardens? –Mozart? Hamburger? –

3. As WWI Ended, the Eyes of the World Turned Towards America Europe had been dominant for a century, but now it lay in ruins Europe looked to America –“You (America) are the remaining industrial and ‘civilized’ nation with enough energy, resources, and will to clean up the mess. Africa and Asia looked to America, too –“We (Africa and Asia) have been ruled by Europeans for a century. What now? Are we going to be freed?

4. Woodrow Wilson Fully Accepted this ‘Savior’ role for the United States Remember, his big idea was ‘moral diplomacy’ –In other words, America would use its power to promote freedom and stability around the world Wilson was a former professor and university president –What could be a more exciting job than ‘remaking the world in a better image’?

6. Wilson Released His Great Plan Even Before the War Was Over The Fourteen Points –First few  remove the factors that led to WWI to prevent future war Part of this plan  ‘Peace without Victory’ In other words, be relatively nice to the losers Why? –Next Few  Redraw European borders to remove tensions between Ethnic Groups Self-determination –Finally  A League of Nations to solve future international disputes without war This might make World War I ‘the war to end all wars’ What do you think? Good plan? Bad plan? Why?

7. Problems for Wilson’s Plan Part #1- Peace without Victory –French and British say $%#* no! –Why? –The British and French get their way. Germany is humiliated and forced to pay massive reparations. –Long term impact? What you talking about Wilson?!

8. Problems for Wilson’s Plan (cont.) Part #2- Self-determination –Works well in Europe (kinda- there is a confusing long-term non-testable problem with it) –Wilson was, although idealistic, also somewhat of a white supremacist He had never meant that Africans and Asians would be free But can you see how allowing each ethnic group in Europe to control itself would anger Africans and Asians who weren’t allowed this? Africans and Asians were not freed, and in fact, the British and French gobbled up new colonies in… –The Middle East- from the disintegrated Ottoman Empire! –Oil has started to become important!

10. Problems for Wilson’s (cont.) Part #3 – The League of Nations Europeans (partially just to throw Wilson a bone) agreed to join the League of Nations Wilson returned home (from Paris peace conference) and asked congress to ratify the League of Nations –According to the Constitution, the congress has the power to accept or reject treaties Congress, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, refused –Why? –Reason #1- ‘The Europeans are forever fighting wars. Why should we be pulled in anytime they want to fight? (Isolationism!) –Reason #2- Checks and Balances the Constitution gives congress the power to declare war but now the president has just handed this power over to an international body. Thus, the president just stripped power from congress. –As a result, the U.S. did not join the League of Nations

11. So, It Might Be Accurate to Say that the U.S. Had Not Fully Reached the Top Tier of World Power Europe turned to us in a moment of despair, but then ended up rejecting much of our advice Britain would remain the preeminent world power… –… for now…

12. Hansen Name ______________ Lecture Guide- The U.S. at the End of World War I A __________________World Power???? As WWI Ended, the Eyes of the World Turned Towards America Europe had been dominant for a century, but _________________ Europe looked to __________________ –“You (America) are the ___________________________ _______ nation with enough energy, resources, and will to _____________________________________________. _______________________________ looked to America, too –“We (Africa and Asia) have been ____________________ __________________________. What now? Are we going ___________________________________________? Woodrow Wilson Fully Accepted this ‘Savior’ role for the United States Remember, his big idea was ____________________________ –In other words, America would use its power to _________ _______________________________________________ Wilson was a former professor and university president –What could be a more exciting job than _______________ _______________________________________________ Wilson Released His Great Plan Even Before the War Was Over The Fourteen Points –First few  remove the factors that ___________________ _______________________________________________ Part of this plan  __________________________ In other words, _____________________________ Why? - ___________________________________ _________________________________________ –Next Few  Redraw European borders to _____________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________ –Finally  A League of Nations to solve future __________ _______________________________________________ This might make World War I _________________ _________________________________________ What do you think? Good plan? Bad plan? Why? Problems for Wilson’s Plan Part #1- Peace without Victory –___________________________________ say $%#* no! –Why? - ________________________________________ _______________________________________________ –The British and French get their way. Germany is ___________ __________________________________________________ –Long term impact? - __________________________________ Part #2- Self-determination –Works well ____________________________ (kinda- there is a confusing long-term non-testable problem with it) –Wilson was, although idealistic, also somewhat of _________ _________________________________________________ ________________________________________ Africans and Asians would be free But can you see how allowing each ethnic group in Europe to control itself would ____________________ _______________________ who weren’t allowed this? Africans and Asians were not freed, and in fact, the ___________________________________________... –The _____________________- from the disintegrated _______________________! –_____________________ to become important! Part #3 – The League of Nations Europeans (partially just to ___________________________ ) agreed to __________the League of Nations Wilson __________________________ (from Paris peace conference) and asked congress ___________ the League of Nations –According to the Constitution, the congress has the _________ __________________________________________________ Congress, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, ______________ –Why? –Reason #1- ‘The Europeans are ______________________ _________________. Why should we ___________________ anytime they want to fight? (______________________!) –Reason #2- Checks and Balances the Constitution gives congress the power __________ ________________________________ but now the president has just ____________________ over to an international body. Thus, the president just ___________________________ from congress. –As a result, the U.S. __________________________________ ________________________________________________ So, It Might Be Accurate to Say that the U.S. Had Not Fully Reached the Top Tier of World Power Europe turned to us in a moment of _____________, but then ended up __________________________________________ ___________________remain the preeminent world power… –… __________________…