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Perseus King Acrisius of Argos was warned by an oracle that he would be killed in time by a son born to his daughter Danae. So he locked Danae up in a.

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Presentation on theme: "Perseus King Acrisius of Argos was warned by an oracle that he would be killed in time by a son born to his daughter Danae. So he locked Danae up in a."— Presentation transcript:

1 Perseus King Acrisius of Argos was warned by an oracle that he would be killed in time by a son born to his daughter Danae. So he locked Danae up in a tower. Zeus went to her, disguised as a shower of gold, and Perseus was the result. So Acrisius stuck daughter and infant into a chest and pushed it out to sea. Rather than sink, the chest floated quite nicely, fetching up on a beach on the island of Seriphos. Taken from http://www.mythweb.com/heroes/perseus/index.html

2 Here a fisherman named Dictys found Danae and Perseus and took them in. Thus Perseus had the advantage of a pure and simple role model as he grew to manhood. Then one day Dictys's brother, Polydectes, the king in those parts, took a fancy to Danae and pressed his attentions upon her. Perseus insisted the Polydectes leave his mother alone, clenching a not- insubstantial fist. The king no physical match for Perseus had no choice but to desist. Or, rather, he grew subtle in the means of achieving his desires. Trouble

3 Polydectes told Perseus that he planned to seek the hand of another maiden, one Hippodameia. He said that he expected every one of his subjects to contribute a gift to the bride price. He asked Perseus what gift he had to offer. The Bride Price

4 Perseus said, "If it meant you'd leave my mother alone, I'd gladly give you anything I owned - which unfortunately is precious little. Horses, chariot, gems, you name it - if I had them, they'd be yours. I'd go out and run the marathon if they were holding the Olympics this year. I'd scour the seas for treasure, I'd quest to the ends of the earth. Why, I'd even bring back the head of Medusa herself if I had it in my power." The Boast

5 "You said you'd bring me the head of Medusa" Polydectes replied. "I presume you refer to the Gorgon with snakes for hair and hideous tusks for teeth, the creature so horrible that her very gaze can turn the mightiest hero to stone. Well, I say fine - go do it." And so it was that Perseus set out one bright October morn in quest of the Gorgon’s head. "You said you'd bring me the head of Medusa" Polydectes replied. "I presume you refer to the Gorgon with snakes for hair and hideous tusks for teeth, the creature so horrible that her very gaze can turn the mightiest hero to stone. Well, I say fine - go do it." And so it was that Perseus set out one bright October morn in quest of the Gorgon’s head. The Challenge

6 Perseus had his work cut out for him. Fortunately he had an ally in Athena. The goddess of crafts and war had her own reasons for wishing to see the Gorgon vanquished (the Gorgon, while still a beautiful young maiden, had profaned one of Athena's temples. For this sacrilege Athena turned her into a monster, but apparently this wasn't punishment enough.), so she was eager to advise Perseus. The Gorgon

7 Athena wanted Medusa's head to decorate her own shield, to magnify its power by the Gorgon's terrible gaze. Athena told Perseus to find the nymphs who guard the helmet of invisibility. Perseus didn’t know where the nymphs were. So Athena tells him to ask the Graeae Sisters, hags with but a single eye in common, because they know where the nymphs live. Perseus says he doesn’t know where the Graeae live. Athena tells him to seek out Atlas at the western edge of the world to ask him. Directions

8 Before sending him off, Athena lent Perseus her mirrored shield. Perseus tracked down Atlas, who gestured in the direction of a nearby cave where the Graeae lived. These Sisters were gray-haired from infancy and all shared a single eyeball. They knew where the nymphs dwelled, but they refused to tell Perseus. So Perseus grabbed their one eye and refused to give it back until they tell him what he wants to know. The Graeae Sisters

9 Perseus found the nymphs in Hades, bathing in the river Styx and got the helmet of invisibility, as well as winged sandals and a special pouch for carrying Medusa's head once he'd chopped it off. Medusa would retain the power of her gaze even in death, and it was vital to hide the head unless he needed to use it on some enemy. The god Hermes also helped out at this point, providing Perseus with a special cutting implement, a sword or sickle of adamant (Some say that it was Hermes who provided the winged sandals) Gear

10 Thus Perseus was equipped for his task. A quick escape would be essential after slaying Medusa, since she had two equally monstrous sisters who would be sure to avenge her murder, and they had wings of gold or brass which would bear them in swift pursuit of the killer. Escape Plans

11 So Perseus sought out Medusa's lair, surrounded by the petrified remains of previous visitors, and he found the Gorgon sleeping; even though her gaze could hardly be expected to turn anyone to stone while her eyes were closed, he used the device provided by Athena to avoid looking at Medusa directly. The Gaze

12 Perseus whacked Medusa's head off. At just that instant, the winged horse Pegasus, offspring of Medusa and the god Poseidon, was born from the bleeding neck. Then Perseus donned his special getaway gear and departed before Medusa's sisters could take their revenge. Though these sisters were immortal, Medusa clearly was not. She died when her head was severed. Decaptitation

13 Even in death Medusa's gaze could turn things to stone, so Perseus quickly stored his trophy in the special sack provided by the water nymphs. And taking wing once more on his flying sandals, he began his return trip to Seriphos. He got as far as Ethiopia when, from his aerial perspective, he spied a beautiful maiden chained to a seaside rock. Perseus descended to inquire more closely into this strange situation. Airborne

14 The maiden turned out to be the daughter of King Cepheus, whose wife had claimed to be more beautiful than the daughters of the ancient god known as the Old Man of the Sea. For this impertinence, the gods sent a sea monster to ravage the kingdom. An oracle foretold that the king's only hope was to sacrifice his daughter to the beast. Perseus offered to rescue the princess, whose name was Andromeda, in return for her hand in marriage. The king gave his consent just in time, for the sea monster had come and now bore down upon Andromeda's perilous perch Andromeda

15 Perseus took to the air on his winged sandals. When the beast darted at the hero's shadow on the water, Perseus plunged down and buried his sword into its shoulder. Repeatedly he stabbed monster until it spouted seawater mixed with blood. Perseus feared that he could no longer remain aloft on his spume-soaked sandals, so he descended to a rock where he continued to stab at the sea-monster until it died. Cepheus and his queen welcomed their savior, and Andromeda, unshackled, was led off to her wedding feast by the weary but satisfied hero. The Sea Battle

16 That night Perseus told tales of his prowess, until suddenly there was a commotion at the door. It turned out to be Andromeda's fiance, phineus, who King Cepheus had failed to mention. Phineus had brought along a number of allies. Challenges and taunts were exchanged, and then the banquet erupted in bloody warfare. Eventually Perseus was so tired that he resorted to his secret weapon. The Banquet

17 "All who are my friends, turn aside your eyes!" he commanded, as he drew Medusa's head from his sack. Amazingly, not one of the enemies was smart enough to look away, and at least one ally kept looking. Perseus proceeded to turn each and every one of Phineus's cohorts to stone. Phineus himself begged for mercy, claiming that he had acted out of love for Andromeda. Perseus ignored Phineus’ pleas, stating that his soon-to-be wife would benefit from having a lasting memorial of her former fiance. Phineus was turned to stone. The Stoning

18 Meanwhile, back on Seriphos, King Polydectes had gone back to pestering Danae just as soon as Perseus was out of sight. Returning at last to his mother's rescue, the hero marched boldly into Polydectes' court. There, in cushioned splendor, sat the king surrounded by his sycophants. "Well," he sneered, "what have you brought me?" Perseus produced the bag. "The Gorgon's head, as promised," he replied. "Would you like to see it?" Polydectes made the mistake of saying yes. Taken for Granite


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