1. Athletes vs. Non-athletes

2.  Raise awareness of drinking problems on campus  Does alcohol affect: GPA, or athletic performance  Who is affected  Raise awareness of counseling

3.  Between ages of 18-24, 1,700 students have alcohol related deaths  599,000 students 18-24 are unintentionally injured under the influence of alcohol  About 25% of college students report academic consequences  31% of college students met criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol abuse http://www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov/statssummaries/snapshot.aspx

4.  100 Rowan University students  Survey consisting of 13 questions  Collected data over a 2 week span

15.  About 70% drink  About 40% binge drink  Athletes binge drink more than non-athletes

16.  Celebration  Accessibility  Social Norms and alcohol use  Spend a lot of time in “peer-intensive” environments  New players want to conform to group

17.  Lowering the drinking age ◦ http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=481933 2n&tag=related;photovideo http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=481933 2n&tag=related;photovideo  Drinking on Campus ◦ http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=481933 6n&tag=related;photovideo http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=481933 6n&tag=related;photovideo

18.  The quality of peer relationships. ◦ Athletes have very strong bonds with one another. ◦ Consider themselves family.  “Peer influence has emerged as one of the most powerful predictors of initiation and maintenance of drinking in the college setting.” – Brian Borsari

19. Transition to college life. — Making friends is vital. — Role models are formed. Alcohol use peaks. College years are a window of vulnerability.

20.  Three social learning theory constructs: ◦ Social Reinforcement  College drinking is completely accepted and will go unpunished. ◦ Modeling  Model could be made from upperclassman who drinks or a team captain. ◦ Cognitive Processes  Disruption of cognitive processes in different social environments  Stress reduction  Urges

21.  Hangovers  Depression  Weight gain  High Blood Pressure  Depressed Immune System  Alcohol Poisoning  Altered Brain and Nerve Functions  Abnormalities in Blood-Clotting  Cancer  Death

22.  Impair Judgment  Homicides  Suicides  Fatal Auto Accidents  Fights  Date Rape  Other Gender Related Crimes  Quality of Sleep  Daytime Attention  Insomnia  Disturbed Sleep  Fragmented Sleep

23.  Pancreatitis  Skin abnormalities  Fatty Liver  Fibrosis  Cirrhosis  Liver Disease  Gout  Heartburn  Ulcer Development  Heart or Respiratory Failure

24.  Loss of Appetite  Vitamin deficiencies  Dehydration  Electrolyte Imbalances  Cramps, Muscle Pulls, and Muscle Strains

25. Males vs. Females

26.  Men and women of the same height and weight do not experience the same effects of drinking the same amount of alcohol.  The average size male can drink double to the average size woman.

27.  Tend to have more body fat  Fat cannot absorb alcohol  Have less gastric or stomach enzymes that breaks down alcohol.  Absorb up to 30% more alcohol into their bloodstream than men.  Shorter and lighter than men  Hormone changes and menstrual cycle can also affect alcohol metabolism.

29.  Loss of time from school or work due to drinking  Depression or unhappiness due to drinking  Drinking in order to cope with personal problems  Drinking to overcome shyness  Loss of interest in family and friends  Etc…

31.  Rowan University ◦ Savitz Hall — Top Floor 201 Mullica Hill Rd. Glassboro, NJ 08028 Phone: 856-256-4222  Outside resources available ◦ AA  South Jersey Intergroup: (856)486-4446  http://www.aa.org

32.  What we would have done different  Questions/Comments?