1. Countries that Explored EnglandFrance Portugal Spain Time Period: Ruling Party: Motivation: Explorers: Discoveries/places: Impact : Time Period: Ruling Party: Motivation: Explorers: Discoveries/places: Impact: Time Period: Ruling Party: Motivation: Explorers: Discoveries/places: Impact : Time Period: Ruling Party: Motivation: Explorers: Discoveries/places: Impact :

2. Portugal Time Period: 1415 – 1542 Ruler: Henry the Navigator ; Fernando I; Eleanor of Viseu Motivation: Economic Strength; military dominance; cheaper trade route east into Asia Explorers: Prince Henry the Navigator (sponsor), Vasco da Gama, Pedro Alvares Cabral Discoveries/places: Africa (Sub-Saharan); Seize Goa in South Asia; Brazil Impact: Establish trading outposts along Africa’s coast; control eastern sea route to Asia; establish the Atlantic Slave Trade

3. Portuguese Expeditions

4. Spain Time Period: Mid 1400’s – late 1600’s Ruler: Queen Isabella of Castile and King Ferdinand of Aragon Motivation: Easier route for trading; Wealth; Spread of Christianity “For God, King and Country” Explorers: Vasco Nunez de Balboa, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, Juan Ponce de Leon, Amerigo Vespucci, Francisco Pizarro Discoveries/places: North and South America (except Brazil); Cuba and the Caribbean Impact: Discover the “New World” (change European view of the world); Establish westward route to Indies; Establish colonies in Caribbean which led to decimation of native population

5. Spanish Expeditions

6. Magellan Sails Around the World

7. England Time Period: Tudor Period 1485-1603 Ruler: Henry VII, Henry VIII, Elizabeth I Motivation: To find the Northwest passage to Asia for trade and become wealthy like Spain Explorers: John Cabot, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, Sir Francis Drake, Henry Hudson Discoveries/places: Parts of North America (Canada and the United States Impact: Set up future colonies; expansion of ideas and beliefs

9. France Time Period: 1515 – 1699 Ruler: Francis I; Henry II; Charles IX; Henry III; Anna the Jagiellonian and Stephen Bathory Motivation: Spread Christianity; New trade route to Asia. Explorers: Jacques Cartier, Samuel de Champlain, Giovanni da Verranzano Discoveries/places: Parts of North America (Canada and the United States Impact: Establish commercial trading centers in Canada and Central North America

11. Treaty of Tordesillas Spain and Portugal were the first countries to make a push for exploration. They divided up the world to keep the peace amongst themselves and boundaries were formed by the Treaty of Tordesillas