1. Thursday – October 3, 2013 Mr. Lombardi Do Now: How/where did human beings originate? (be as detailed and descriptive with your response as possible) *** If you don’t know for sure, try to think of ways humans might have originated *** Aim: Why are humans separate from animals?

2. H.W. #5 “Move Over Lucy…” article handout Lucy vs. Ardi questions handout – Read the article. – Answer all questions in complete sentences. – ONLY HAND IN THE QUESTION SHEET! – Due: Tomorrow, October 4

3. History & Archaeology

4. Copy the following words/definitions into your notebook: 1.Hunter-gatherer – people who travel from place to place hunting and gathering the food they need. 2.Domestication – the taming of plants and animals for human use. 3.Donald Johanson – discovered a 3.5 million- year-old fossil (“Lucy”) in 1974. 4.“Lucy” – early human remains found in the Great Rift Valley of Africa. The oldest, best- preserved skeleton of any walking human ancestor that has ever been found.

5. Sit with a partner and answer the following questions based on your prior knowledge and inferences. 1.How did humans “begin” (originate)? 2.Where did humans originate from (location)? 3.What did humans master (or learn) first? 4.Why are humans separate from animals?

6. 1. How did humans “begin” (originate)? It is believed that humans evolved from hominids (“great apes”).

7. 2. Where did humans originate from (location)? It is believed they originated in the Great Rift Valley area of Eastern Africa.

8. 3. What did humans master first? It is believed that humans mastered fire first.

9. 4. Why are humans separate from animals? 1.Use of tools (opposable thumb) 2.Reason 3.Language

10. “Out of Africa” Theory

11. Every human has descended from a small group in Africa, who then migrated throughout the world.

12. “Multi-Regional” Hypothesis

13. Humans evolved from many different groups in many different places throughout the world.

14. Summary A.If you could write a letter today and send it back in time, what are some things that you would ask an early human? - OR - B.Draw a picture of an early human standing next to a human from 2013. write what the main differences are.

15. 1. Keeping field notes from excavation sites Analyzing radiocarbon dating test results Examining and cataloging artifacts Which social scientist directly engages in these activities? (1)political scientist (2)archaeologist (3) historian (4) sociologist

16. Base your answer to question 2 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. …The girl and two other children were left on a mountaintop to succumb [fall victim] to the cold as offerings to the gods, according to the archaeologists who found the mummified remains in Argentina in 1999…. — “Frozen Inca Mummy Goes On Display,” National Geographic News, September, 2007

17. 2. This passage best illustrates the role of archaeologists in (1) interpreting evidence (2) challenging customs (3) classifying artifacts (4) planning expeditions

18. 3. Early peoples who moved frequently as they searched for the food they needed for survival are called 1)hunters and gatherers 2)village dwellers 3)subsistence farmers 4)guild members

19. “I am lucky enough to have been involved for half a century with work, mostly in East Africa, that very much belongs to everyone, since it concerns the human origins that are common to the whole human race.” - Mary Leakey, Autobiography

20. 4. In this quotation, the author is implying that early humans 1)migrated from Africa to Eurasia 2)first appeared in Africa 3)invented tools and mastered the use of fire 4)appeared shortly after the Neolithic Age

21. Answer the following in your notebook 1.Why would a human fossil that is more ancient than Lucy be more important? 2.Does the discovery of Ardi support the Out Of Africa theory or the Multi-Regional Hypothesis? Why? 3.List as many differences that you can find between Lucy and Ardi. 4.Why is the discovery of Ardi so important?

22. Lucy vs. Ardi LucyArdi

23. Critical Thinking Questions 1.What makes us human? 2.Where did we come from? 3.How did we evolve from animals? 4.What is the significance of “Lucy”?