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Age of Exploration Test Review
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1.What were the causes of the Age of Exploration? New and improved technology allowed for long ocean voyages Demand for goods from Asia Ottoman Empire blocked trade routes
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2. What were Isabella and Ferdinand’s role in the Age of Exploration? Financed many expeditions to discover an all water route to Asia, Christopher Columbus among them
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3. Describe the achievement of each of the following explorers in the space provided. Bartolomeu Dias— *Discovered the tip of Africa but never reached Asia
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Vasco da Gama— *Sailed to India around the southern tip of Africa and Calcutt India
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Christopher Columbus— *Tried to reach India by sailing west, but instead came into contact with the West Indies
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Hernando Cortez— *Conquered Montezuma II and the Aztec Empire
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Francisco Pizarro— *Conquered Athualpa and the Incan Empire
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4. What was the Inquisition? Court created by Isabella and Ferdinand to root out heresy (going against the Catholic Church)
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4. What was the Inquisition? 150,000 people were tortured, exiled and burned at the stake Isabella and Ferdinand were devout Catholics
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5. What two countries lead the Age of Exploration? Spain Portugal
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6. What were the conquistador’s motives in the Americas? God, Gold, and Glory
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7. What factors allowed conquistadors to successfully defeat the Native American civilizations? Superior weapons— gunpowder, cannons, horses and armor
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7. What factors allowed conquistadors to successfully defeat the Native American civilizations? Allied themselves with enemies Smallpox/Disease
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8. What impact did the conquistadors contact with the Americans have on the Native American population? Destroyed the population through enslavement, warfare and smallpox
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9. Explain how the Age of Exploration caused the development of the slave trade. Smallpox destroyed the Native American population forcing Europeans to import African slaves to work on large plantations.
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10.What effects did the slave trade have on Africa? Caused great upheaval in African societies.
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11. Describe mercantilism. Colonies supply the mother country with raw materials. Mother country uses raw material to create manufactured goods.
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11. Describe mercantilism. Mother country then uses the colonies as a market to sell manufactured goods. Desire a favorable balance of trade—export more then you import
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11. Describe mercantilism. Ultimate goal is self-sufficiency Mother country benefits in this relationship
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12.Describe the Encomienda System. Required large work force for large plantations
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13. What were the results of the Age of Exploration? Begins a period of European global domination
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