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How things get in and out of cells
Cell Transport How things get in and out of cells
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Cell membrane - Structure
A phospholipid contains- one head; negatively charged phosphate group that is hydrophilic (water-loving) two tails of fatty acid chains that are hydrophobic (water fearing)
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Made of a phospholipid bilayer
The Cell Membrane Made of a phospholipid bilayer regulates what passes in/out Supports and protects Selectively permeable – only certain things pass through. 5 nm thick
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Cell membrane features
The fluid mosaic model fluid in nature cell mobility Within mem. are various proteins for: enzyme activity, cell attachment, communicating with other cells, Trans. of substances in and out
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Transport Moving materials in/out of cell Two categories
Passive: doesn’t require ATP from cell Active: requires ATP
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Passive Transport 1. Simple Diffusion
net movement of substances (liquid or gas) from an area of higher concentration to area of lower conc.
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Passive Transport 1. Simple Diffusion
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Passive Transport 1. Simple Diffusion
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Passive Transport 2. Facilitated Diffusion
Trans. larger molecules with the help of a dedicated transport protein gate Protein gate made for specific molecule passage.
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Passive Transport 2. Facilitated Diffusion
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Passive Transport 3. Osmosis
Diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane. To permeate = to go through
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Passive Transport 3. Osmosis
Hypertonic: Solution having a high conc. of solute. Hypotonic: Solution having a low conc. of solute. Isotonic: Both solutions have equal solute conc. Review: Solution= solute+solvent This difference (Δ) of conc. of molecules across a space is called a Concentration Gradient
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Passive Transport
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Passive Transport
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Passive Transport Animal Plant Lysis Equilibrium Plasmolysis
Turgid Flaccid Plasmolysis
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Passive Transport
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Passive Transport Lab Question: Can osmosis occur through the membrane of a shell-less chicken egg? Hypothesis: (write) Procedure: (write) Materials: Vinegar, 6 eggs, bucket, 150 ml beakers, water/sink, paper towels, electronic balance, syrup, Data: (record) Analysis/Conclusion: (write)
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Active Transport Transporting of molecules against a concentration gradient (from regions of low conc. to regions of high conc.) with the aid of proteins in the cell mem. and energy from ATP Analogy: Pushing a rock uphill
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Cell membrane pumps Active Transport
Carrier proteins that move sub. from low to high conc. Ex: Sodium-Potassium pump 3 Na+ pumped out of the cell 2 K+ pumped into the cell
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Active Transport Cell membrane pumps (4) (3)
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Endocytosis Active Transport
Importing larger quantities of materials by infoldings of the cell mem. A. phagocytosis – “cell eating”; cell mem. surrounds food – buds off a vacuole. Lysosomes then secrete enzymes into vacuole to digest food. B. pinocytosis – “cell drinking”; smaller infoldings allows droplets of liquid to enter.
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Active Transport Endocytosis
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Exocytosis Active Transport Large quantities of sub. exiting cell
Dumping of excretions or wastes to outside Secretion of products needed elsewhere (ex: new proteins, hormones, etc.)
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Active Transport Exocytosis
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Quizlet on Transport
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