2. The Norman and Plantagenet Kings

3. The Hundred Years War Same People…Different Topic
Because William the Conqueror had been a powerful leader in French Normandy, he claimed both England, as well as much of France as his kingdom.
Later English kings maintained their right to rule parts of France.
This created a great deal of resentment for both the French people, as well as their kings, who wanted control of their lands back.

4. In A.D. 1152 King Henry II of England married Eleanor of Aquitaine.
Eleanor was the heiress to much of the lands in the southwest of France.
This gave King Henry II control over more of France than the French king had.

5. The Hundred Years War
Philip Valois was a cousin to 3 kings of France: Louis X, Philip V, and Charles IV.
When Charles IV died in 1328, Philip became regent until Charles' widow gave birth to what was expected to be the next king.
The child was female and, Philip claimed, was therefore ineligible to rule under Salic Law (Old Frankish Law).
So, in May of 1328, Philip of Valois became King Philip VI of France. A war that would last from A.D until A.D
Charles IV
of France
Philip Valois

6. Edward III Plantagenet
The only other male claimaint was England's Edward III,
but due to the same restrictions of Salic Law regarding females, was also barred from succession.
His mother Isabelle, was the sister of Charles IV of France.
When Philip Valois (now Philip VI of France) became unpopular, Edward asserted his claim as a direct ancestor of the previous kings.
He was the Grandson of Philip V and Nephew of Charles IV
This gave the King Edward III the right to rule both England and France from a single throne.
Philip V of France
Charles IV Isabelle
Both of France
Edward III
of England

7. The Hundred Years War
After more than one hundred years of fighting, the French were eventually able to declare victory over the English.
The One Hundred Years War greatly strengthened France, while weakening England.
Following the war, England would enter a period of turmoil and civil war
The War of the Roses
that would last for another 30 years.

8. The War of the Roses
Following the Hundred Years War, England found itself in turmoil.
The war had seriously weakened the monarchy, and drained much of the nation’s treasury.
The nation was ruled by the house of Lancaster,
which bore the emblem of a red rose.
The Duke of York,
whose family bore the emblem of a white rose
saw the kings weakened state as an opportunity to seize power, and establish himself as king.

9. The War of the Roses By the reign of the relatively weak Henry VI ,
civil war broke out between
rival claimants to the throne,
dating back to the sons of Edward III.

10. but through a female line.
The Lancastrian dynasty descended from John of Gaunt, third son of Edward III, whose son Henry deposed the unpopular Richard II. 
Yorkist claimants such as the Duke of York asserted their legitimate claim to the throne through Edward III's second surviving son,Edmund of Langley,
but through a female line.

11. Causes
The Wars of the Roses therefore tested whether the succession should keep to the male line or could pass through females.
Captured and briefly restored, Henry VI
was recaptured and put to death in 1461, and the Yorkist faction led by Edward IV gained the throne

12. Princes in the Tower
The Yorkist conquest of the Lancastrians in 1461 did not put an end to the Wars of the Roses, which rumbled on until the start of the sixteenth century.
Family disloyalty in the form of Richard III's betrayal of his nephews, the young King Edward V and his brother, was part of his downfall.
2 of Edward IV sons – Edward (Would be Edward V) and Richard were locked up in the Tower of London since the end of May 1483 by their Uncle Richard. 
In mid-July, Richard had his nephews declared illegitimate,
which meant that neither boy would be able to become king,
and arranged to have himself crowned Richard III

13. House of Tudor
Henry Tudor, a claimant to the throne of Lancastrian descent, defeated Richard III in battle and Richard was killed.
Henry was crowned Henry VII
With the marriage of Henry to Elizabeth
the sister of the young Princes in the Tower,
reconciliation was finally achieved between the warring houses of Lancaster and York in the form of the new Tudor dynasty,
which combined their respective red and white emblems to produce the Tudor rose.