1. Single-sex education

2. History - National Single-sex was predominant practice before mid-20th century (tradition advocated by religion.) 1960s: Shift to mixed education 1972: Title IX 1990s-2000s: Studies show single-sex schools outperforming mixed. United States: “Together or separate?” (Cornelius Riordan 1990) Germany: “Was coeducation a historical error?” (Der Spiegel 1998) Australia: 20-year study of 270,000 students (2000) England: The National Foundation for Educational Research (2002) France: “The Pitfalls of Mixed Education” (Fize 2003)

3. History - National 2002 law: Public schools can be single-sex. Single-sex education receives bipartisan support. “Our long-term goal has to be to make single-sex education available as an option for all children, not just for children of parents wealthy enough to afford private schools.” – Hilary Clinton (2001) 2002: About a dozen public schools offered single-sex classrooms. 2011-12: More than 506.

4. Mixed seating Teacher

5. History - Local Christ School (boys) – founded in 1900 as Episcopal Church coed boarding school. ◦ 248 in grades 8-12 ◦ Faculty: 53 male, 32 female Hanger Hall (girls) – founded in 1999 by a father. ◦ From 3 to 67 in grades 6-8 ◦ Faculty: 11 female French Broad River Academy (boys) – founded in 2009 by former Asheville Middle teachers.

6. Boys vs. Girls Christ School headmaster, Paul Krieger Simple differences Simple differences Hanger Hall head of school, Catherine McClain Teaching differently Teaching differently Boys: 69F, motion, sound Girls: 75F, patience, detail Gender difference gap widest at 11

7. Pros and cons Pros Emotionally easier Girls become more outspoken, boys become more collaborative Safety, freedom Cons Lack of socialization Diminished effects of Title IX Throwback to patriarchal society (not progressive) 'We're not sequestered‘ (CS)'We're not sequestered‘

8. Why do it? For girls Expanded educational opportunity Tailored education Greater autonomy

9. Why do it? From the Hanger Hall website: “An All-girl School Means… No one is competing for the attention of the ‘cute boy’ Looks are just a part of the picture Individual strengths are more evident” Distractions (HH) ‘Learn who you are, first.’Distractions Expectations (HH) ‘Discover your passion.’Expectations

10. Why do it? For the boys Combat growing gender divide in academic achievement. Less harassment for ‘Non-macho’ interests. Tailored education (Examples?)

11. Successes Stetson University – 3 year study of 4th graders taking the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (2008) 37% 59% 75% 86% Some boys who scored proficient in the all-boys classes had previously been labeled ADHD or Exceptional Student Mixed boys Mixed girls Single-sex girls Single-sex boys

12. Good fit? Nationwide: 67 public all-girls schools, 44 public all-boys schools 13 North Carolina public schools with single-sex opportunities ◦ Woodhill (Gastonia) Elementary School ◦ Elizabeth City Middle School ◦ Middle College (Greensboro) – all-boys high school launched in 2003. Not one-size-fits-all (CS)Not one-size-fits-all

13. Online tinyurl.com/4yep3tb Christ School’s Paul Kriegertinyurl.com/4yep3tb tinyurl.com/3g2ahpe Hanger Hall’s Catherine McClaintinyurl.com/3g2ahpe Questions? edu210teacher.wikispaces.com