1. CJ 130 Introduction to Corrections
Seminar 6

2. Welcome to Unit 6: Institutional Security and violence

3. SEMINAR OVERVIEW Welcome Causes of Prison Violence 1. Before the Riot
2. During the Riot
3. After the Riot
Reducing Prison Violence
Correctional Programs and Services
Attica: Problems and Solutions

4. Information Quiz Questions

5. More than--------------of all inmates are being held in large, maximum-security prisons.
One-fourth
One-third
Half
Three-fourths

6. The inmates are the ones who report that they have more difficulty with correctional officers.
Younger
Older
Male
Female

7. The predominant emotion that male inmates must confront in the early part of their prison term is:
Depression
Loneliness
Hate
Boredom

8. The change from the “old inmate” culture to the “new inmate” culture seems to have been precipitated by the in the 1960s and 1970s.
Get tough policy
Flower power movement
Move to the hands-on doctrine
Black Power movement

9. Most inmates with AIDS are in the------------------population.
General inmate
Administrative segregation
Inmate hospital
Special AIDS

10. Approximately how many inmates escape from prison each year?
500
1,200
4,500
7,000

11. Despite good intentions, rehabilitative treatment within prison walls is extremely difficult to achieve.
True or False

12. Rape as a means of expressing dominance, power, and anger is now an accepted prison norm.
True or False

13. Emotional harassment, physical assaults, rapes, stabbings, and homicides are part of prison life. What security level facilities usually have these kinds of problems?

14. What causes prison violence?

15. Causes of Prison Violence
Violent Characteristics of Inmates
Social Factors
Structural Factors
Institutional Factors

16. Violent Characteristics of Inmates
Youth
Lower class attitudes
Fear of humiliation
History of violent behavior

17. Social Factors of Prison Violence
Racial Unrest
Presence of Gangs
Drug Use

18. Racial Unrest Magnified racial tension
Racially motivated gang activities
Common bond—races tend to join together

19. Gangs Almost all states have prison gangs
Gang rivalries are carried over from the streets
Spread of gang activity with transferred prisoners
Economic Victimization
Can dominate prison and create ongoing problems

20. Drug Use
Link between drugs and violent behavior in general society carries over into prison
Easy access to drugs
Problem sometimes ignored or staff can even be involved.

21. Institutional and Structural Factors
Overcrowding
Prison staff/prisoner ratio
Dirty conditions
Lack of privacy
Lack of jobs
Tension
Indefensible space

22. There are six different scenarios that could lead to an inmate assault on staff:
Officer’s command: Assault followed explicit command to inmate.
Protest: Assault occurred because victim considers himself victimized by unjust or inconsistent treatment by a staff member.
Search: Assault occurred during search of an inmate’s body or cell.
Inmates’ fight: Assault resulted from officer intervening in fight between inmates.
Movement: Assault took place during the movement of inmates from one part of the prison to another.
Contraband: Assault followed a staff member suspecting an inmate of possessing

23. Reducing Prison Violence
How can we reduce prison violence?

24. Is some violence inherent to these facilities or can putting certain policies in place stop the violence?

25. Attica: Problems and Solutions
How could the tragedy surrounding the events at Attica have been prevented? How have prison policies changed since Attica?

26. Do you think prisons should strive to hire guards of various backgrounds who speak a variety of languages?

27. The abnormal social environment and institutional and structural imperfections combine to produce violent surroundings within the contemporary prison. Overcrowding, the drug appetites of prisoners, and racial and gang skirmishes seem to be the most important factors that create an incendiary situation. If inmates can be tough enough, they will turn themselves into the worst kind of predators, forcing themselves on the weak and enjoying the spoils of their predation.

28. WRAP UP Any Questions/Concerns?
Next Seminar Topic: Juvenile vs. Adult Prisons and Male vs. Female Prisoners