1. Adjective Clause 1. The adjective clause is used to modify a noun or a pronoun. They do what regular adjectives do – they describe nouns. 2. An adjective clause is a dependent clause that modifies or describes a noun. 3. It will begin with a relative pronoun (who, whose, whom, which, and that) or a subordinate conjunction (when, where, and since).

2. Examples: 1. The book which I like is on the table. 2. The man who wants the book is here. 3. The student whose hand was up gave the wrong answer. 4. The car that Ahmed is driving is not here.

3. Find the adjective clause in the following sentences and tell which word it modifies. 1. I play a kind of music that nobody likes. 2. The man whom you saw was not the famous actor. 3. I remember the day when I took my first airplane trip. 4. I have a neighbor whose parents live in Australia. 5. The book which I like is on the table.

4. Find the adjective clause in the following sentences and tell which word it modifies. 6. The man whom you saw on stage is my friend. 7. The teacher who gives the English classes lives next door. 8. The man whose leg was broken was taken to the hospital. 9. This is the place where the accident happened.

5. Who and Whom are used only for people. Who is the subject of the clause. After Who you should see a verb. Whom is the object of the clause. After Whom you should see a noun or pronoun. Which is used for things. That is used for things (and people in informal English). That can be both subject and object of the clause.

6. Use an adjective clause to combine the following sentences using who, whose, whom, which, that 1. They followed the strange man. He had just come from the dark alley. 2. I bought Jim a book. The book is about magic. 3. The doctor examined the patient. The patient had fallen from a cliff. 4. The mechanic repaired my sister's car. The car had a broken window. 5. The restaurant had closed permanently. The customers were shot there. 6. The parents had great respect for the teacher. The teacher had taught their children.

7. Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses Adjective Clauses come in two types: restrictive and nonrestrictive 1. Restrictive adjective clauses: They identify the noun or pronoun modified. They give necessary information needed in order to know who or what the noun or pronoun refers to.  The doctor who lives in California is my sister.  Students who do not attend classes will fail the course.  The car that has broken headlights belongs to my brother.

8. 2. Nonrestrictive adjective clauses give extra information about the noun or the pronoun but is not needed to identify it. Always put commas around a nonrestrictive clause. The key, which was lost, belongs to my father., All individuals, who bought tickets, will be admitted. The Eiffel Tower, which I rode to the top, has an elevator. Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses

9. Fragments 1 Fragments look like sentences but are missing a subject or a verb, or don’t express a complete thought. FragmentError 1.told everyone to get out of the way. No subject 2. However, they in the apartment.No verb 3. Before he answered the phoneA dependent clause by itself 4. John working extra hard on his project lately. No subject-verb relationship

10. Fragments 2 There is another kind of fragments when there is only a noun and an adjective clause. 1. The children who had been lost 2. The place which was covered with grass. 3. The minute when Ahmed announced his travel plans. 4. The artist who was going to paint the portrait. 5. the photos which we showed to our friends

11. Correct the fragments in the adjective clauses: 1. The ride which I took at the amusement park 2. The place where the plane wrecked 3. The student who answered the question 4. The dress that the Queen is wearing 5. Our pizza that is in the freezer 6. The person who owns the car 7. The time when I broke my leg 8. the man whom you admire greatly 9. The man on your left who will be the next speaker