1. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN DATA INTENSIVE ENVIRONMENNTS Leon Guzenda Chief Technology Officer

2. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 AGENDA Introduction Issues and Approaches Summary & Resources

3. Objectivity, Inc. & Objectivity/DB

4. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 Objectivity Corporate Information Object Database Management for: Data intensive applications that manipulate complex data High throughput systems Very large volumes of data Main Markets Government Scientific Telecommunications Engineering Manufacturing Complex IT Product Highlights High Performance with complex data Scalability and High Availability Fully Distributed Interoperability -C++, Java, Smalltalk, SQL and XML -Linux, LynxOS, Unix and Windows Productivity -Eclipse IDE -Eliminates the object to DB mapping layer

5. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 SCALABILITY Data Volume - 890 Terabytes [BaBar] Throughput – Ingested 32 Terabytes per Day [Benchmark] In a recent benchmark with Objectivity/DB running on 64 Irix processors (600 MHz), CXFS and a 100 Terabyte SAN we achieved: An ingest rate of 32 Terabytes per day (input, correlate and commit) Simultaneous queries from 32 processors running at near to 100% CPU capacity Simultaneous movement and deletion of aged data to a long term repository Simultaneous Users – 100s of Thousands [SprintPCS]

6. Issues and Approaches

7. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 ISSUES Describing complex data Exponentially increasing data volumes Sharing data across sites Querying huge datasets Cost of Ownership

8. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 DESCRIBING COMPLEX DATA Approaches: Old Way -Definitions buried in header files -Language-specific schema language (DDL/SQL) Current Approaches -Unified Modeling Language [UML] -XML Trends -Java Database Objects [JDO] -Grid Database Access and Integration Services -Higher level schemas and ONTOLOGIES

9. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 DATA VOLUMES Approaches: Old Way -Keep data in compressed files and index them in a DBMS -Proprietary tape archives Current Approaches -Store everything in an ODBMS (lower overheads than an RDBMS) -Hierarchical storage systems (HPSS etc.) Trends -Solid State Disks at the front end, commodity disks at the back end -Heterogeneous Storage Area Networks [SAN], e.g. CXFS -Fiber Optic processor-to-SAN switches -Grid enablement (totally distributed archives)

10. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 SHARING DATA ACROSS SITES Approaches: Old Way -Transfer files/disks/tapes -Filesystem or no security Current Approaches -Distributed databases and the World Wide Web -High bandwidth networks -Authentication and secure transport layers Trends -Grid enablement -Federated databases -Ultra-high bandwidth networks and remote replication -Flexible, localized security mechanisms

11. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 Distributed Federations A2 Replica of A A Organization X Organization Y User X1 User X2 User X3 User Y1 A3 Replica of A

12. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 Distributed Federations A2 Replica of A A Organization X Organization Y User X1 Mobile and Detached User X2 User X3 User Y1 A3 Replica of A

13. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 QUERYING HUGE DATASETS Approaches: Old Way -Hold metadata (indexes and relationships) in a searchable file Current Approaches -Hold metadata in a RDBMS and data in files -Hold metadata and data in an ODBMS Trends -Adaptations of text search engines -Distributed Parallel Query Engines -Specialized search accelerators

14. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 Current Architecture Queries run synchronously within the client Networking & Event Managers Storage & Transaction Managers Query & Index Managers Object & Schema Managers Language Interfaces APPLICATION DBA ToolsLock Server Data “Page” Server Mass Storage Data “Page” Server

15. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 Parallel Query Engine [PQE] Queries run asynchronously and in parallel, either locally or distributed Networking & Event Managers Storage & Transaction Managers Query & Index Managers Object & Schema Managers Language Interfaces APPLICATION DBA Tools Lock Server Data “Page” Servers PQE

16. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 PQE and Search Accelerator Queries run asynchronously and in parallel, but with Predicate Management within the Search Accelerator Networking & Event Managers Storage & Transaction Managers Query Manager Object & Schema Managers Language Interfaces APPLICATION DBA Tools Lock Server Data Servers PQE FPGA & RAM Search Accelerator

17. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 COST OF OWNERSHIP Approaches: Old Way -Build It Yourself (many hidden costs) -Run It Yourself Current Approaches -Use Commercial Off The Shelf [COTS] software -Open Source -Commodity hardware & tiered storage Trends -Heterogeneous storage -Grid Enablement -Resource and Skill Brokers (Future)

18. SUMMARY

19. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 SUMMARY Database languages are still evolving Data throughput and system latency times are decreasing Sharing data across sites still presents many challenges Querying vast datasets will become faster and cheaper Software vendors are wrestling with Open Source issues Startup costs are still high, but the trends are downward Grid enablement will help Keep working on the Standards!

20. Copyright  Objectivity, Inc. 2004 DMW20043/16/04 RESOURCES http://www.objectivity.com Technical Overview Data Sheets and White Papers Free downloadable Java and C++ evaluation software and tutorials Global Grid Forum http://www.ggf.org Email: info@objy.com ANY QUESTIONS?