1. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 JCI NOM/LOM NAME DATE DEBATING Scott Johnston JCI Glasgow Senator JCI Scotland National President 2004 JCI European Debate Champion 2005

2. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 What is debating?  ‘Conversation with argument’  When do we debate?  What are the differences between speaking and debating?  See JCI website www.jci.cc  Also www.debatabase.com

3. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Workshop Outline  The ‘Motion’ – topic / issue  The Chairman  The Timekeeper  Debate Format  Captain, Speakers & ??Coach  Structure of your speech  Points of information  How to be a GREAT debater

4. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 The ‘Motion’ or debate topic  This House Believes that…  Must have two sides to the argument Proposition v Opposition/Govt  Prepared (1 week or more notice) or impromptu (15 minutes notice)  Serious topic or humorous?  Nothing offensive or too controversial

5. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 ‘The Motion Commotion’  What makes a good motion?

6. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 The Chairman  Introduce speakers  Wait for judges to score each speaker  ‘Entertain’ the audience

7. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 The Timekeeper  Stopwatch  Bell, lights or signposts Make sure you can see the lights!  Time warnings to speakers: After 1 minute – interruptions allowed 1 minute to go – no more interruption Time up – stop within 15 seconds

8. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Debate Format (teams of 2, 3, or 4) Proposition Captain 3 minutes Proposition speaker 1 4 minutes Proposition speaker 2 4 minutes Proposition Captain 3 minutes Opposition Captain 3 minutes Opposition speaker 1 4 minutes Opposition speaker 2 4 minutes Opposition Captain 3 minutes

9. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Proposition Captain  Define the Motion  Introduce team members & their respective points/arguments

10. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Proposition Captain *** MUST MUST MUST *** DEFINE THE MOTION  Make it ‘debatable’ / arguable Lose points if not arguable Lose points if not defined accurately  Be creative - ‘Life begins at 40’

11. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Opposition Captain  Must argue the motion presented by Proposition unless unarguable (rare)  Lose points if re-define the motion or argue what YOU think it should be

12. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Opposition Captain  Introduce team members & their arguments  Say why the Proposition is wrong – i.e. ‘rebuttal’ = debate (not a ‘speech’)

13. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 All Speakers  Persuasive argument supporting your own points  Rebuttal of opposing arguments  Anticipation of forthcoming opposing arguments  Teamwork

14. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Captain’s summary Purpose of the summary:  Summarise both sides of the debate No NEW information allowed  Comment on each speaker’s points  Emphasise your team’s arguments & the reasons they should win  ??No interruptions allowed??

15. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 TIMEOUT  Each team may call one 1-minute timeout  The timeout may only be called by a team captain between (not during) speakers  Often called immediately before the Captain’s summary  Use your timeout to speak to coach and team members

16. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 The Coach  Non-speaking role  Cannot give points of information  Helps speakers to prepare  Helps speakers during the debate eg pass notes to speakers

17. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Structure of a debate speech  Introduction – know your first sentence  Rebuttal/argument against opponents  Your 2 or 3 main points  Last minute  Know your last sentence

18. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 For example THB… Life Begins at 40  Introduction – know your first sentence  Your 3 main team arguments  Make Y0UR points  ** Rebuttal – Rebuttal – Rebuttal **  Last minute – protected  Know your last sentence

19. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Introduction: know your first sentence  Sound confident  Get used to actually speaking  No interruptions in first minute

20. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Structure of your speech After rebuttal / argument: ‘Tell them what you are going to say’ ‘Then tell them’ ‘Then tell them what you have said’

21. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Rebuttal / argument against opponents This is a DEBATE not a SPEECH  Engage with the other side  Argue against their points  Humour is a great weapon  Use statistics – real or made up! Short & punchy – not long & windy!! Know when to STOP!!

22. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Your 2 or 3 main points  Make your first point Give 1 or 2 examples  Make your second point Give 1 or 2 examples  Have spare points in case you run out of time use them to answer interruptions

23. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Last minute  Finish your point  No interruptions permitted  Include: a summary of your points a summary of your rebuttal

24. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Last sentence know your last sentence When time is up – DO NOT PANIC!!  Finish your sentence  Give your last sentence: ‘For these reasons, I beg to [propose / oppose] the motion’  Sit down to fantastic applause !!!!!

25. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 POINTS OF INFORMATION

26. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 OFFERING points of information Stand up & say ‘Point of Information’  Wait for a response – accepted / rejected Your aim is to:  contradict your opponent  distract your opponent  Advance your own argument

27. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 ACCEPTING points of information YOU decide whether to accept/reject YOU CONTROL THE FLOOR  Win points if you accept = debating Your aim is to:  show confidence in your argument  engage in debate

28. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Who wins? Judges criteria:  Knowledge of subject  Presentation skills  Entering into ‘debate’ (not a ‘speech’) Giving/taking points of information Arguments during your speech  Timekeeping & Etiquette

29. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 ‘Points Make Prizes’  Have good structure to your speech  Give relevant examples  Teamwork – refer to what your colleagues have said or will say  Use humour  Do not insult your opponents (only your own team!)

30. Personally Proactive: Samuel Bruce Ltd 2005 Who wants to debate?