1. The Biological Perspective Chapter 2 Ciccarelli and Meyer

2. Overview of the Nervous System Neuroscience Nervous System (Figure 2.1) – Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Plasticity – Peripheral Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System – Parasympathetic Division – Sympathetic Division Somatic Nervous System – Three Functions of the Nervous System Three Functions of the Nervous System Next

3. Three Functions of the Nervous System Return

4. Structure of the Neuron Biological Psychology/Behavioral Neuroscience General Cell Structure Neurons are Specialized Cells -Definition of Neuron -Three Types of Neurons 1) Sensory Neurons (Afferent Neurons) 2) Interneurons 3) Motor Neurons (Efferent Neurons)

5. Parts of a Neuron Soma Dendrites Axon Neurons in the Body Neurilemma Glial Cells Oligodendrocytes Schwann Cells (Nodes of Ranvier) Astrocytes Microglia Nerves

6. Image of a Neuron Return

7. Central Nervous System: The Reflex Arc Return

8. Basic Structure of a Cell RETURN

9. Generating the Message Within the Neuron Ionic Solution Resting Potential Action Potential All or none Video

10. Sending the message to other cells: The Synapse Axon Terminals Synaptic Knob Synaptic Vesicles Neurotransmitters Synaptic Gap or Synapse Receptor Sites How do Neurotransmitters get across the synapse Video

11. Neurotransmitters, Messengers of the Network Neurotransmitters Agonists/ Antagonists Acetylcholine Glutamate GABA Serotonin Dopamine Neural regulators/ Neural Peptides/ Endorphins

12. Agonist for GABA GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that results in calming anxiety If a person has anxiety and they are given Diazepam, an agonist for GABA What happens to someone who takes diazepam What happens to someone who takes diazepam

13. Answer The person becomes calm and the anxiety is reduced.

14. Antagonist for Norephinephrine Norepinephrine is an excitatory neurotransmitter involved in arousal (wakefulness) If a patient has excessive arousal and presents with difficulty sleeping and they are given an antagonist for norepinephrine what happens?

15. Answer They are able to sleep return

16. Cleaning up the Synapse: Reuptake and Enzymes Reuptake Acetylcholine Enzymatic Degradation SSRI

17. The Central Nervous System: The Central Processing Unit Central Nervous System The Brain The Spinal Cord Neuroplasticity Stem Cells

18. Figure 2.6- The Spinal Cord Reflex Reflex Arc RETURN

19. Superman Return

20. Looking Inside the Living Brain Lesioning Studies Brain Stimulation – Invasive techniques – Noninvasive techniques Mapping Structure Mapping Function

21. From the Bottom Up: Structures of the Brain The Brain Stem – Medulla – Pons The Reticular Formation Cerebellum

22. Structures under the cortex: Limbic System Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Cingulate Cortex

23. Cortex Lobes Association Areas Cerebral Hemispheres

24. 4 Lobes of the Cortex Occipital Lobes Parietal Lobes Temporal Lobes Frontal Lobes Return

25. Association Areas of the Cortex Broca’s Area Wernicke’s Area Spatial Neglect Return

26. Cerebral Hemispheres Split Brain Research Sex Differences

27. Applying Psychology to Everyday Life ADHD

28. The Peripheral Nervous System Somatic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System

29. Somatic Nervous System Sensory Pathway Motor Pathway

30. Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic Division Parasympathetic Division

31. Psychology in the News Myths Sources

32. Distant Connections: The Endocrine Glands Pituitary Pineal Thyroid Pancreas Gonads Adrenal

33. Sex Differences Mental ProcessMaleFemale Emotional ExpressionRightBoth Sides Visual/Spatial PerceptionLeftBoth Sides Vocabulary/DefinitionsLeftBoth Sides Grammar/Language MechanicsLeftLeft Front Hand MovementsLeftLeft Front Return

34. Neuronal Transmission