1. World History Chapter 17- World War I Section 1- The Seeds of War

4.  Rivalries Industrialized European nations need to grow economically. Industrialized European nations need to grow economically. Compete for global markets & empire expansion. Compete for global markets & empire expansion. Great Britain- sea routes for trade. Great Britain- sea routes for trade. France- Morocco for minerals. France- Morocco for minerals. Germany- economic control of Ottoman Empire. Germany- economic control of Ottoman Empire. Austria-Hungary- access Aegean Sea through Balkans. Austria-Hungary- access Aegean Sea through Balkans. Russia- control of Bosporous & the Dardanelles near Black Sea & keep influence over Manchuria. Russia- control of Bosporous & the Dardanelles near Black Sea & keep influence over Manchuria. Competition caused hostility over land, railroad building & interfering with interests. Competition caused hostility over land, railroad building & interfering with interests.

5.  Nationalism Caused tension. France upset when did not gain Alsace-Lorraine after German unification and Franco-Prussian War. Caused tension. France upset when did not gain Alsace-Lorraine after German unification and Franco-Prussian War. Slavs & Pan-Slavism: historic mission to develop own culture & empire. Slavs & Pan-Slavism: historic mission to develop own culture & empire. Slavic nationals in Serbia support Slavs in Austria-Hungary. Want own country in Yugoslav formed from Slavic territory in Austria-Hungary. Slavic nationals in Serbia support Slavs in Austria-Hungary. Want own country in Yugoslav formed from Slavic territory in Austria-Hungary. Austria-Hungary feared Serbian activities in Balkans- Yugoslav nation could break up their empire. Austria-Hungary feared Serbian activities in Balkans- Yugoslav nation could break up their empire.

6.  Nationalism con’t 1908: Austria-Hungary annexed Slavic territories of Bosnia-Herzgovina formerly part of Ottoman Empire. 1908: Austria-Hungary annexed Slavic territories of Bosnia-Herzgovina formerly part of Ottoman Empire. Austria-Hungary upset Serbia & turns to Russia for help. Russia didn’t aid Serbia. Made deal with Austria-Hungary. Allowed them to get Bosnia-Herzgovina for permitting passage of Russian warships through Dardanelles. Austria-Hungary upset Serbia & turns to Russia for help. Russia didn’t aid Serbia. Made deal with Austria-Hungary. Allowed them to get Bosnia-Herzgovina for permitting passage of Russian warships through Dardanelles. Russians cause Serbs to control themselves. Russians cause Serbs to control themselves. Austria-Hungary didn’t hold up to agreement with Russia, which angered them. Austria-Hungary didn’t hold up to agreement with Russia, which angered them.

7.  Balkan Wars 1912: First Balkan War angered Serbs. Serbia wanted Albania to access Mediterranean Sea. After war, Serbia didn’t get Albania. 1912: First Balkan War angered Serbs. Serbia wanted Albania to access Mediterranean Sea. After war, Serbia didn’t get Albania. 1913: Second Balkan War. Albania now independent upsetting Serbians further. 1913: Second Balkan War. Albania now independent upsetting Serbians further. Russia didn’t support Serbia in either war- upset Serbs & embarrassed Russia. Austria-Hungary concerned about future status. Russia didn’t support Serbia in either war- upset Serbs & embarrassed Russia. Austria-Hungary concerned about future status.

8.  Militarism Each country sized up the other’s military strength. Each country sized up the other’s military strength. Nations called for increased military budgets. Nations called for increased military budgets. Nations, except Great Britain, used conscription- mandatory draft of civilians for military service. Nations, except Great Britain, used conscription- mandatory draft of civilians for military service. Actions cause reactions. Germany expands Navy distressing Great Britain who wanted to maintain control of the seas. Actions cause reactions. Germany expands Navy distressing Great Britain who wanted to maintain control of the seas.

9.  Alliances Alliance System- defense treaties. Alliance System- defense treaties. 1873: Three Emperor’s League: Germany, Austria- Hungary & Russia. Purpose to isolate France by gaining allies (friends). League didn’t last due to Austrian-Russian rivalry in the Balkans. Stronger alliance created between Germany & Austria- Hungary. 1873: Three Emperor’s League: Germany, Austria- Hungary & Russia. Purpose to isolate France by gaining allies (friends). League didn’t last due to Austrian-Russian rivalry in the Balkans. Stronger alliance created between Germany & Austria- Hungary. 1882: Italy joins Austrian-German alliance: Triple Alliance. Italy wanted allies against France. Italy angry at France’s occupation of Tunis In North Africa. Also afraid France would send army to defend the pope. Each alliance member supported the other in war situation. 1882: Italy joins Austrian-German alliance: Triple Alliance. Italy wanted allies against France. Italy angry at France’s occupation of Tunis In North Africa. Also afraid France would send army to defend the pope. Each alliance member supported the other in war situation. 1894: Russia & France become allies for attacks by Germany or Austria-Hungary. 1894: Russia & France become allies for attacks by Germany or Austria-Hungary.

10.  Alliances con’t 1904: France & Great Britain form friendly understanding: Entente Cordiale. 1904: France & Great Britain form friendly understanding: Entente Cordiale. 1907: Great Britain & Russia settle conflicts in Middle East & Central Asia. 1907: Great Britain & Russia settle conflicts in Middle East & Central Asia. 1894 & 1904 agreements became Triple Entente: alliance between France, Russia & Great Britain. Russia & France afraid of Germany and Austria-Hungry. Great Britain alarmed at German naval build-up. 1894 & 1904 agreements became Triple Entente: alliance between France, Russia & Great Britain. Russia & France afraid of Germany and Austria-Hungry. Great Britain alarmed at German naval build-up. 1907: European nations divided by two opposing alliances: Triple Alliance & Triple Entente. Rivalries threatened to bring Europe to war. 1907: European nations divided by two opposing alliances: Triple Alliance & Triple Entente. Rivalries threatened to bring Europe to war.