1. World War I

2. 1. Militarism
Definition: The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for War
To be a great power, European nations believed you must have a powerful military
To be a great power, means you must mobilize quickly in case of war
What do you think??

3. 2. Alliances
Otto von Bismark fears that the French will want their lands back (Alsace and Lorraine) took during Franco-Prussian War and unification
Bismark makes alliances with Austria-Hungary and Russia (even though AH and R are bitter enemies)
Kaiser Wilhelm II ends Russia’s treaty and sets out to make Germany’s power known throughout the world what is this known as?

5. 3. Imperialism
Quest for colonies often pushed Europeans to the brink of war
1905 and 1911, France and Germany clash over Morocco
Competition for overseas empires  rivalry and distrust deepened

6. 4. Nationalism Deep devotions to one’s country
Competition for materials and markets (makes a country stronger!)
Great Britain and Germany competed for industrial dominance
Territorial disputes
France and GermanyAlsace-Lorraine)
Austria-Hungary and Russia over control of the Balkans
In the Balkans- increased

7. Alsace-Lorraine

13. Europe’s Powder Keg
New nations after the Crimean War- Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia
Serbia hoped to absorb all Slavs into its country Russia supported b/c of similar Slavic heritage
Austria-Hungary is fearful of Serbian power because of its large Slavic population (NO REVOLTS!)

17. Europe’s Powder Keg, continued
1908: Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia and Herzegovia
Russia stands behind Serbia
Germany gives Austria-Hungary full support (Russia and Serbia back down)

18. A shot rings throughout Europe
Heir to the Austrian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife visit Sarajevo (the capital of Bosnia)
Gavrilo Princip shot them. He was a member of the Black Hand, a secret society committed to riding Bosnia of Austrian rule.
He was also Serbian

24. Austria, with the support of an angry Germany, gives Serbia an ultimatum, which is a list of demands that if not met, will lead to serious consequences
Serbian knew that they could not defeat Austria, so they agree to most of the demands and gave an offer to have the others settled by an international conference

25. Austria refuses negations and declares war on Serbia
Russian mobilizes its troops and other Europeans are alarmed

26. Credits