1. Your Name Your Title Your Organization (Line #1)‏ Your Organization (Line #2)‏ 2005-12-31 WSN in enhancing exercise experience in personal fitness Goran Rakočević g.rakocevic@gmail.com Aleksandar Crnjin acrnjin@gmail.com

2. 2/16 Agenda Introduction to WSN in fitness and sports Body Area Network Bluetooth PAN profile Bluetooth Body Area Network formation Exercise Environment sensor network Central server Case study :Smart Running Track

3. 3/16 WSN technology in fitness and sports Create an smart exercise environment that: tracks users movement monitors and stores his vital parameters gives users feedback in order to make the exercise more efficient/safe and to motivate him Three major subsystems: Body area network Exercise Environment sensor network Central server

4. 4/16 Sensor Body Area Network A network of sensor devices monitoring user's vital parameters ecg, SpO2, pulse, blood pressure, pedometer... Deployed on the user's body Bluetooth technology is ideal for this application! BAN also incorporates means to deliver information to the user (mobile phone, PDA, etc.)

5. 5/16 Bluetooth PAN Profile Allows a Bluetooth device to join a piconet and access LAN resources or a WAN network via a Bluetooth Network Access Point (NAP) Supports IPv4 and IPv6 NAP acts as the master Up to 7 PAN Users (PANUs) can join the piconet However, Bluetooth PAN does not specify a network formation procedure!

6. 6/16 PAN network formation We're only interested in AdHoc network formation! The SAPFIO network formation procedure (Jovnik, Van Thanh, “Ad-hoc Formation of Bluetooth Piconet for data communication”, 2002) All devices start symmetric inquiry procedure of all BT devices within range When every device detects all other devices within range, they will inform their neighbors about detected devices All devices can now form tables of all devices and their possible connections in the the future piconet All nodes with outside connection and highest number of connections are considered candidates for the Master If more than one device are candidates, the one with highest address is selected

7. 7/16 PAN network formation (2)‏ Main parameter in SAPFIO is number of detected nodes In a Body Area Network it can be assumed that all nodes have connectivity to all other nodes =>number of detected nodes is useless as a parameter for choice of master node A new ad-hoc network formation procedure that takes into account specifics of a BAN is needed

8. 8/16 BAN network formation protocol Every node is in range of every other node More than one node can serve as the NAP Ability of a node to serve as a NAP changes over time Nodes rarely leave and join the network Procedure: All nodes that can serve as NAPs go into symmetric discovery mode Once all possible NAPs know about all of the other, a NAP is chosen among them (by type and BADDR value)‏ NAP goes into discoverable mode and starts operating All other nodes connect to the NAP (followed by a role switch)

9. 9/16 BAN network formation protocol (2)‏ If NAP loses outside connectivity (or battery gets low) a new NAP must be chosen Current NAP notifies all other nodes to go to short-term no-connection mode (e.g. locally buffering the data) Current NAP choses the next NAP and requests a connection status update (to check whether it has an outside connection)‏ If the response is positive the NAP checks it's own connection again (to avoid network reconfiguration on short outside connection loses), otherwise next NAP candidate is contacted If still no connection, all nodes are informed of the new NAP Old NAP closes all connection, new network is formed around the new NAP

10. 10/16 Exercise enviorment sensor network A network of sensors deployed in the exercise environment Monitors the environmental parameters of the surroundings In some systems also relays the information from the users' BANs to the central server Zigbee technology is best suited for this subsystem

11. 11/16 Central server Gathers the data from all of the sensors Processes these data (according to the specific application)‏ Stores the data for later review or further processing Sends the required data back to the user Allows for the control of the whole system

12. 12/16 Case study: Smart Running Track An implementation of a WSN system in fitness and sports Objective: to make running: more observable by trainers and physicians more interesting to amateur runners more competitive: rank not only by their present position, but also by, for example, number of spent calories, obstacles jumped

13. 13/16 System architecture

14. 14/16 Smart Running Track BAN Base on Shimmer nodes On each runner sensor nodes are deployed, with the following sensors: Pedometer Heart Rate sensor Temperature sensor This enables: Measurement of running speed Heart rate monitoring Spent calorie measurement: calories spent = f (body weight, speed)‏

15. 15/16 Delivering information to users BioScreen View Calorie count Heart rate, Body temperature Current / Average Speed etc. Map View Shows current positions of all runners on the image of the running path Score List View Score can be measured in: Running positions Average speed Spent calorie count

16. 16/16 Central Server Allows for: monitoring of the whole track insight into the vital paramters of each of the runners calculates the calorie consumption for each of the runners sorts the runners by the chosen critria stores data and sends them to runners

17. Your Name Your Title Your Organization (Line #1)‏ Your Organization (Line #2)‏ 2005-12-31 WSN in enhancing exercise experience in personal fitness Goran Rakočević g.rakocevic@gmail.com Aleksandar Crnjin acrnjin@gmail.com