1. Roles of Wireless at the Network Edges Joseph Camp Fiber/Wireless Panel December 12, 2005

2. Joseph Camp State of Wireless Today - Single Hop Networks (per wire)  Luxury - if wireless goes down, plug into wall  Mobile Internet access public places Near Future - Wireless Mesh Networks  Mission Critical - wireless cannot go down  Municipality offers bandwidth to low-income  Municipal functionality (police, fire, transport.)  High speed Internet access in rural areas

3. Joseph Camp Recent History of Access MSO - Multiple System Operators ILEP - Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers

4. Joseph Camp Wired Access Ranges DSL bidirectional but unable to achieve 100 Mbps Cable achieves 100 Mbps at upper limit but asymmetric ($3.5- 4k/home sym) Fiber achieves both ($1k-$2k/home) Are wires the only access solution?

5. Joseph Camp City-wide Wireless Projects Philadelphia - 135 sq. miles (Earthlink)  Expected cost: $10 million, $25-30/home  Public access (~1Mb) low-income ($10/month) Los Angeles, San Fran., Portland, New York Houston RFP  Contract to WISP, WISP charged to create revenue Services to municipalities  Medical Services, Education, Home Workforce  Mobility/Connectivity in public places  Traffic/Crime Surveillance  Parking Meters, Real-time Bus Information

6. Joseph Camp Cost According to Cities Homes per square mile Cost per square mile (total sq mi) Cost per home Corpus Christi, TX 695$10k (155)$14 Philadelphia4370$74k (135)$17 Houston1240$121k (620)$98 Los Angeles2852$175k (469)$61 New York11721$2.5m (304)$213

7. Joseph Camp The Wireless Future Previous projections using IEEE 802.11 Immediate Future (10 years):  4x4 MIMO systems: approach 400 Mbps  Approximately 1 Gbps (PHY layer)  Directionalize backhaul to achieve rates  Beamforming  Comparing PHY rates, 10x improvement

8. Joseph Camp MIMO Reliability Throughput gain with multiplexing  Multiple streams of data per antenna array Build reliability into the system with diversity for low latency applications  Redundancy of bits on single antenna array  VoIP, video, streaming applications

9. Joseph Camp Rural Access Areas of high fiber density - single hop wireless (FTTH) Areas of low/no fiber density - mesh backhaul networks

10. Joseph Camp Spectrum Expensive? Could equate to $1 billion for 1GHz However,  Cell phone companies pay anywhere from $500 million to $5 billion for spectrum  Booming $400 billion industry  There is a demand!

11. Joseph Camp Summary: Roles of Wireless Mobility  2001 - 727 million mobile users (world)  2005 - 1.7 billion mobile users Municipalities  Ubiquitous Internet Access (Bus stops, parks, traveling, airports, etc.)  Traffic/Crime, Parking, Fire/Police RFID  Medical Services, Education, Workforce High Speed Internet Access to Rural Areas  Fiber Deployment not cost effective  Wireless backhaul to users